성격과 질병태도간의 관계: 질병에 대한 집착과 건강에 대한 염려
A Relationship of Personality and Hypochondriacal Illness Attitudes
초록
건강과 질병에 대한 왜곡된 신념과 태도는 건강염려증으로 발전하는데 핵심적 역할을 한다. 본 연구는 건강염려증과 관련이 있다고 알려진 성격특성들을 중심으로 성격과 질병에 대한 태도 간에 어떤 관계가 있는지, 그리고 질병태도에 대한 설명력이 높은 성격특성은 무엇인지를 확인해보고자 시도되었다. 연구를 위해 남녀 대학생 607명에게 5요인 성격검사(NEO-PI-R), 불안민감성 척도(ASI), 질병태도 척도(IAS)를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 불안민감성과 신경증성은 건강염려증적 질병태도와 정적으로 그리고 외향성, 원만성 및 성실성은 건강염려증적 질병 태도와 부적으로 상관을 보여 성격특성과 질병태도는 서로 관련이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 신경증성과 불안민감성 중에서도 신경증성보다 불안민감성이 건강염려증적 질병태도와의 상관계수가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 단계적 회귀분석의 결과도 건강염려증적 질병태도 전체에 대해 불안민감성의 하위 요인인 ‘심장혈관계 및 위장계 증상에 대한 두려움(AS-3)’의 설명력이 40.7%로 나타나 신경증성 3.6%보다 월등하게 높았다. 건강염려증적 질병태도 중 고차요인 1(‘질병에 대한 집착’)에서는 불안민감성 전체 점수(AS)가 44.3%의, 그리고 고차요인 2(‘건강에 대한 염려’)에 대해서는 AS-3이 6.2%의 설명력을 보였다. 이 결과는 건강염려증적 질병태도 중 더 병리적인 태도에서는 AS 전체 점수가, 그리고 덜 병적인 부분에서는 AS-3이 보다 설명력 있는 성격 변인으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 건강염려증 발생에 성격 같은 개인차 변인이 관여할 수 있음을 시사해 주고 있다.
- keywords
- 5요인 성격, 불안민감성, 질병태도, 질병에 대한 집착, 건강에 대한 관심, 건강염려증, 5 factor model of personality, anxiety sensitivity, illness attitudes, preoccupation to illness, concern to health, hypochondriasis, 5 factor model of personality, anxiety sensitivity, illness attitudes, preoccupation to illness, concern to health, hypochondriasis
Abstract
Hypochondriasis is defined as a preoccupation with fears of having, or the idea that one has, a serious disease based on a misinterpretation of one or more bodily signs or symptoms. It is well known that one's distorted attitudes and beliefs about illness are essential features in developing hypochondriasis. The objectives of this study were to examine a relationship of hypochondriacal illness attitudes, Preoccupation to Illness and Concern to Health, in connection to Five-Factor Personality Model and Anxiety Sensitivity. And this study was to find out the most predictive personality factor in explaining hypochondriacal illness attitudes among Korean non-clinical sample. 607 undergraduates completed the NEO-PI-R(Costa & McCrae, 1992), the Anxiety Sensitivity Index- Revised(Taylor1998), and Illness Attitudes Scale(Kellner, 1986). The results also suggest that previously observed positive associations between Neuroticism and Anxiety Sensitivity, and hypochondriacal illness attitudes, and negative associations between Extraversion, Agreeableness and hypochondriacal illness attitudes. Anxiety Sensitivity was a most significant predictor of general hypochondriacal concerns, and especially of Preoccupations to Illness, that is the higher order factor of the IAS. The results of this study strongly suggest hypochondriasis lies on a continuum and represents an individual difference variable, such as personality factors.
- keywords
- 5요인 성격, 불안민감성, 질병태도, 질병에 대한 집착, 건강에 대한 관심, 건강염려증, 5 factor model of personality, anxiety sensitivity, illness attitudes, preoccupation to illness, concern to health, hypochondriasis, 5 factor model of personality, anxiety sensitivity, illness attitudes, preoccupation to illness, concern to health, hypochondriasis
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