성격강점과 행복의 관계: 초․중․고등학생의 비교를 중심으로
Relationship Between Character Strengths and Happiness in Elementary, Middle, and High School Students
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 초․중․고등학생 집단에 따른 성격강점의 양상을 비교하고, 성격강점과 행복간의 관계를 분석하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 서울 소재 초․중․고등학교에 재학 중인 1,522명의 학생들을 대상으로 청소년용 성격강점검사와 행복척도를 실시하였으며, 성격강점의 순위점수를 산출하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 초등학생 집단은 다른 집단에 비해 활력 점수가 높게 나타난 반면, 지혜 점수는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 중학생 집단은 다른 집단에 비해 낙관성 점수가 유의하게 낮았으며, 고등학생 집단은 다른 집단에 비해 용감성, 끈기, 활력, 책임감, 종교성 점수가 낮았다. 행복 점수는 초등학생 집단이 다른 집단에 비해 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 상관분석 결과, 세집단에서 24개 성격강점은 행복 점수와 모두 유의한 정적 상관을 보였다. 회귀분석 결과, 초등학생의 행복은 낙관성과 관대성이 유의한 설명력을 나타내었다. 중학생의 행복은 낙관성과 자기조절이, 고등학생의 행복은 낙관성과 감사가 행복을 유의하게 설명하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언 및 시사점을 논의하였다.
- keywords
- 성격강점, 행복, 청소년, character strengths, happiness, adolescents
Abstract
This study compared the profiles of character strengths of elementary, middle, and high school students, and examined the relationship between their character strengths and happiness. 1522 students from schools in Seoul completed their Character Strengths Tests for Adolescents(CST-A) and Subjective Happiness Scales for Adolescents. It was revealed that elementary school students showed significantly high scores of vitality and low scores of wisdom. Middle school students showed significantly low scores of optimism. High school students showed significantly low scores of bravery, persistence, vitality, citizenship, and religiousness. Happiness of elementary school students were significantly high compared to middle and high school students. Correlations between the 24 character strengths and happiness were all significantly positive. In regression analysis, optimism and forgiveness of elementary school students, optimism and self-regulation of middle school students, and optimism and gratitude of high school students significantly contributed to the explanation of happiness. The implications and limitations of this study as well as suggestions for further research are discussed.
- keywords
- 성격강점, 행복, 청소년, character strengths, happiness, adolescents
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