외상성 뇌손상과 외상후스트레스 장애는 병인론에서 명백히 구분되는 증후군임에도 불구하고, 유사한 증상 양상들이 보고되기 때문에 이를 비교 및 변별하고자 하는 연구와 논의가 지속적으로 이루어져왔다. 본 연구에서는 외상성 뇌손상과 외상후스트레스 장애의 임상적 특성을 확인하기 위하여, 34명의 외상성 뇌손상 집단과 53명의 외상후스트레스 장애 집단을 대상으로 다면적 인성검사II 재구성판(MMPI-2-RF)을 실시한 후, 그 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 집단 간 차이 검증 결과, 증상차원에서 외상성 뇌손상 집단은 사고 문제(THD), 행동적/외현화 문제(BXD), 피해의식(RC6), 기태적 경험(RC8), 신경학적 증상 호소(NUC), 효능감 결여(NFC), 약물 남용(SUB), 정신증(PSYC-r) 척도에서 유의미하게 높은 T점수를 보였다. 반면, 외상후스트레스 장애 집단은 다중 특정 공포(MSF) 척도에서 유의미하게 높은 T점수를 보였다. 아울러, 두 집단을 변별하는 변인을 살펴보기위해 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 시행한 결과, 사고 문제(THD), 효능감 결여(NFC), 흥분 성향(ACT), 정신증(PSYC-r) 척도가 인구통계학적 변인과 우울 정도를 통제한 이후에도 두 집단을 유의미하게변별해주는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 외상성 뇌손상 집단은 외상후스트레스 집단에 비하여 사고 관련 문제, 신경학적 증상, 낮은 효능감, 행동통제의 어려움 및 약물과 관련된 문제를 보일 가능성이시사된 반면, 외상후스트레스 장애 환자의 경우에는 다양한 공포 및 회피 반응이 두드러지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 중심으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form. The participants were 34 TBI patients and 53 PTSD patients. The results showed that scores on Thought Dysfunction (THD), Behavioral/Externalizing Dysfunction (BXD), Ideas of Persecution (RC6), Aberrant Experiences (RC8), Neurological Complaints (NUC), Inefficacy (NFC), Substance Abuse (SUB), and Psychoticism-Revised (PSYC-r) scales were significantly higher in the TBI group compared to the PTSD group. However, the PTSD group scored significantly higher than the TBI group on the Multiple Specific Fears (MSF) scale. Moreover, in a logistic regression analysis, Thought Dysfunction (THD), Inefficacy (NFC), Activation (ACT), and Psychoticism-Revised (PSYC-r) scales were identified to be significant predictors distinguishing the PTSD group from the TBI group, after controlling for demographic variables and depression levels. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
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