유도된 외상 경험이 대학생의 외현화 및 내재화 증상에 미치는 영향: 탐색적 연구
Effects of Experimentally-Induced Trauma on College Students’ Externalizing and Internalizing Symptoms: Exploratory Studies
장혜인 (성균관대학교)
초록
본 연구는 외상후스트레스장애 유병률과 증상의 성차를 설명하기 위해, 외상 유형과 성역할이 대학생의 외상 반응에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 서울 소재 4년제 대학에 재학 중인 학부생을 대상으로 두 개의 실험을 진행하여, 실험실에서 유도된 외상 경험과 연구 참가자들이 자기 보고한 성역할이 외상 경험 후 외현화 및 내재화 증상에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이 때 외상 자극은 선행연구에 기반하여 첫 번째 연구에서는 9.11 테러 영상, 두 번째 연구에서는 국내의무차별적 흉기난동사건 영상을 사용하였다. 아울러 외상 자극에 노출되기 이전의 개인차를 고려하기 위하여 각 증상의 기저선을 측정하여 통제변인으로 분석에 포함하였다. 위계적 중다회귀 분석 결과, 성역할이 외상 후 개인의 외현화 및 내재화 증상에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 그 양상은 사용된 외상 자극에 따라 다소 상이하였다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 이론적, 임상적 시사점 및 후속연구에 대한 제언을 논의하였다.
- keywords
- 외상후스트레스장애, 외상반응, 실험으로 유도된 외상, 성별, 성역할, 대학생, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Responses to trauma, Experimentally-Induced trauma, Gender role, Sex, Undergraduate students
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effects of gender roles on responses to trauma in laboratory settings to explain sex-differences in the prevalence rates and symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Two studies were conducted and compared to determine the effective experimental stimulus for Korean students and to investigate the association between gender roles and externalizing and internalizing responses to trauma. A total of 101 undergraduate students participated in the study. Traumatic experience was experimentally-induced by using videos that contained materials such as violent crime and terror attack. Individuals' depression, anxiety, aggression and anger were assessed before and after watching the traumatic video. Results from hierarchical regression models revealed that, controlling for biological sex of the participant, gender roles influenced individuals' responses to trauma including both externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Theoretical and clinical implications of this study are discussed.
- keywords
- 외상후스트레스장애, 외상반응, 실험으로 유도된 외상, 성별, 성역할, 대학생, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Responses to trauma, Experimentally-Induced trauma, Gender role, Sex, Undergraduate students
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