The Korean Journal of Health Psychology
- Log In/Sign Up
- KOREAN
- P-ISSN1229-070X
- E-ISSN2713-9581
- KCI
The Mediating Effect of Upward Social Comparison Moderated by Control Flexibility on the Relationship Between Social Network Service Use Intensity and Depression: Focused on Instagram
Abstract
This study explored the mediating effect of upward social comparison moderated by cognitive flexibility on the relationship between social network service use intensity and depression, focused on Instagram. To examine this, 186 male and female college student-participants were asked to complete questionnaires of Instagram use intensity, upward social comparison experience at using Instagram, cognitive flexibility and depression. As a result, Instagram use intensity was positively related to upward social comparison and depression, but negatively related to cognitive flexibility. Based on these correlations, we verified that upward social comparison had partial mediating effects on the relationship between Instagram use intensity and depression and that only control flexibility(one sub factor of cognitive flexibility) had moderate effects on the relationship between upward social comparison and depression. Finally we verify mediating effect of upward social comparison moderated by control flexibility on the relationship between Instagram use intensity and depression. These findings suggest that high control flexibility may relieve danger of the relationship between Instagram use intensity and depression by reducing the effect of upward social comparison. The implications and limitations of this study were discussed and future directions for this research were provided.
- keywords
- 인스타그램, 상향비교, 우울, 인지적 유연성, Instagram, upward social comparison, depression, cognitive flexibility
Reference
강상경 (2010). 우울이 자살을 예측하는가?: 우울과 자살태도 관계의 성별․연령 차이. 사회복지연구, 41(2), 67-99.
김계희, 조맹제 (1993). 주요우울증환자 예비평가에서the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) 진단적 타당성 연구. 신경정신의학, 32(3), 381-399.
김선정, 김태용 (2012). SNS 콘텐츠의 감성이 사용자의감정상태에 미치는 영향: 페이스북 뉴스피드를 중심으로. 사이버커뮤니케이션학보, 29(1), 5-47.
송리라, 이민아 (2012). 성역할 태도와 우울. 한국인구학, 35(3), 87-116.
양혜승, 김진희, 서미혜 (2014). 페이스북은 우리의 삶을행복하게 하는가? 韓國言論學報, 58(6), 215-244.
이동훈, 함경애, 김지윤, 김민경, 정성원, 김정범 (2013). 성별에 따른 주요우울증의 DSM-IV 증상 연구. 재활심리연구, 20(3), 501-522.
이승용 (2017, 07, 10). 한국에서 인스타그램만 성장, 동력은 ‘젊은 여성층’. Business Post, http://www.businesspost.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=53517에서 2017, 8, 20 인출.
이현지, 정동훈 (2013). 트위터와 페이스북의 이용중단의도에 관한 연구. 韓國言論學報, 57(4), 269-293.
장은영, 한덕웅 (2004). 사회비교의 목표, 대상 및 결과가 비교대상의 선택에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 18(2), 65-89.
전겸구, 최상진, 양병찬 (2001). 통합적 한국판 CES-D 개발. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 6(1), 59-76.
정소라, 현명호 (2015). SNS 이용자의 상향비교 경험과우울의 관계에서 열등감의 매개효과 및 자기개념명확성의 중재효과. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 20(4), 703-717.
조정린 (2015, 11, 29). [뉴스 인사이드] "카페인 우울증을 아십니까?"…SNS 행복 경쟁의 그늘, TV조선, http://news.tvchosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2015/11/29/2015112990125.html에서 2016, 4, 15 인출.
차경진, 이은목 (2015). 사회비교이론 관점에서 살펴본SNS 이용중단 의도. 한국전자거래학회지, 20(3), 59-77.
채려분 (2013). 사회관계형 SNS이용에 따른 부정적 감정유발에 관한 연구 : 페이스북을 중심으로. 숙명여자대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
최소영 (2015). SNS 인맥네트워크와 이용정도가 SNS 피로도와 이용중단의도에 미치는 영향 연구 : 페이스북을 중심으로. 서강대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
최은혜 (2011). 자기조절과 인지적 유연성이 특성분노및 분노표현에 미치는 영향. 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
홍숙지 (2005). 개인 유연성 척도 개발 및 타당화 연구. 성균관대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications, Inc.
Alicke, M. D., LoSchiavo, F. M., Zerbst, J., & Zhang, S. (1997). The person who out performs me is a genius: Maintaining perceived competence in upward social comparison. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(4), 781-789.
Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., KrieteMeyer, J., & Tony, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facts of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27-45.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
Bond, F, W., & Bunce, D. (2000). Mediators of change in emotion-focused and problem-focused worksite stress management interventions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 156-219.
Bond, F, W., & Bunce, D. (2003). The role of acceptance and job control in mental health, job satisfaction, and work performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(6), 1057-1067.
Chou, H. T. G., & Edge, N. (2012). “They are happier and having better lives than I am”: The impact of using Facebook on perceptions of others’ lives. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(2), 117-121.
Dennis, J. P., & VanderWal, J. S. (2010). The cognitive flexibility inventory: Instrument development and estimates of reliability and validity. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34(3), 241-253.
Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of facebook "friends:" social capital and college students' use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4), 1143-1168.
Festinger, L. A. (1954). A theory of social comparison process. Human Relations, 7(2), 117-140.
Gergen, K. J. (1971). The concept of self. New York:Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Gilbert, D. T., Giesler, R. B., & Morris, K. A. (2007). When comparisons arise. In D. A. Staple & H. Blanton (Eds.), Social comparison theories (pp. 443∼457). NY: Psychology Press.
Goethals, G. R. (1986). Social comparison theory. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 12(3), 261-278.
Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. New York: Anchor Books.
Harlow, B. L., Cohen, L. S., Otto, M. W., Spiegelman, D., & Cramer, D. W. (1999). Prevalence and predictors of depressive symptoms in older premenopausal women: The Harvard study of moods and cycles. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56(5), 418-424.
Jennifer V. G. (2013, 02, 05). Study: Facebook fatigue – it’s real, Cnet, http://www.cnet.com/news/study-facebook-fatigue-its-real/에서 2016, 04, 15인출.
Jordan, A. H., Monin, B., Dweck, C. S., Lovett, B. J., John, O. P., & Gross, J. J. (2011). Misery has more company than people think:Underestimating the prevalence of others'negative emotions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(1), 120-135.
Kashdan, T B., Barrios, V., Forsyth, F. P., & Steger, M. F. (2006). Experiential avoidance as a generalized psychological vulnerability:Comparisons with coping and emotional disregulation strategies. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(9), 1301-1320.
Kessler, R. C., McGonagle, K. A., Nelson, C. B., Hughes, M., Swartz, M., & Blazer, D. G. (1994). Sex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey. II: Cohort effects. Journal of Affective Disorders, 30(1), 15-26.
Kulik, J. A., & Gump, B. B. (1997). Affective reactions to social comparison: The effects of relative performance and related attributes information about another person. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23(5), 452-468.
Lee, S. Y. (2014). How do people compare themselves with others on social network sites?: The case of facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 32, 253-260.
Linville, P. W. (1987). Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related illness and depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(4), 663-676.
Mai-Ly, N. S., Robert, E. W., & Linda, K. A. (2014). Seeing everyone else’s highlight reels: how facebook usage is linked to depressive symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33(8), 701-731.
Marsh, H. W., & Parker, J. W. (1984). Determinants of student self-concept: Is it better to be a relatively large fish in a small pond even if you don’t learn to swim as well? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47(1), 213-231.
Masuda, A., Price, M., Amderson, P. L, Schmertz, S. K., & Calamaras, M. R. (2009). The role of PF in mental health stigma and psychological distress for the stigmatizer. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 28, 1244-1262.
Martin, M. M., & Rubin, R. B. (1995). A new measure of cognitive flexibility. Psychological Reports, 76(2), 623-626.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2001). Gender differences in depression. Current Directions in Psychological science, 10(5), 173-176.
Paulhus D. L., & Martin, C. L. (1988). Functional flexibility: A new conception of interpersonal flexibility. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55(1), 88-101.
Preacher, K. J., Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2006). Computation tools for probing interactions in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31(3), 437-448.
Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D. D., & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses:Theory, methods, and prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), 185-227.
Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale; a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement. 1(3), 385-401.
Reis, T. J., & Gibbons, F. X. (1993). Social comparison and the pill: Reaction to upward and downward comparison of contraceptive behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19(1), 13-20.
Taylor, L. G., & Shelley, E. (1993). Effects of social comparison direction, threat, and self-esteem on affect, self-evaluation, and expected success. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(5), 708-722.
Turkle, S. (2011), Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other. New York: Basic Books.
Verduyn, P., Lee, D. S., Park, J., Shablack, H., Orvell, A., Bayer, J., . . . Kross, E. (2015). Passive Facebook usage undermines affective well-being:Experimental and longitudinal evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144(2), 480-488.
Wheeler, L., Martin, R., & Suls, J. (1997). The proxy model of social comparison for self-assessment of ability. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 1(1), 54-61.
White, J., Langer, E., Yariv, L., & Welch, J. I. V. (2006). Frequent social comparisons and destructive emotions and behaviors: The dark side of social comparisons. Journal of Adult Development, 13(1), 36-44.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations