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Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology

ISSN : 1229-0653

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Vol.25 No.2

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Stereotype Control and Memory Illusion: A Comparison between Goal Priming and Forget Instruction

Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2011, v.25 no.2, pp.17-34
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2011.25.2.002


& (2011). Stereotype Control and Memory Illusion: A Comparison between Goal Priming and Forget Instruction. Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 25(2), 17-34, https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2011.25.2.002

Abstract

This study aimed to compare false memory effects of goal priming and directed forgetting to control negative stereotypical informations about elderly adults. Participants, 22 male and 34 female university students listened to a news about increasing rates of elderly citizens in Korea living alone. This was followed by a lexical decision task with stereotypical and nonstereotypical words, to investigate the activation of aging stereotypes and to devide the participants into two groups according to high or low stereotype activation. After that, the participants read articles about young and elderly people either under the condition of goal priming or under the condition of the forget instruction. Finally, a recognition test was conducted based on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm to compare effects of these two conditions for false memory about stereotypical and nonstereotypical items between the two groups with high or low stereotype activation. The results indicated that the false recognition rates for stereotypical items were significantly higher in the high activation group with the forget instruction than in this group of the goal priming condition. However, there were no significant differences in the false recognition rates for the nonstereotypical items. These findings supported our hypothesis, that the forget instruction activates negative stereotypical information, which resulted in the memory illusion and the disruption of stereotype control. In addition, the false recognition rates under the condition of goal priming were lower than under the condition of the forget instruction, which might be interpreted as evidence for effective stereotype control. Implications of the outcome for stereotype control are discussed.

keywords
stereotype control, memory illusion, goal priming, forget instruction, 고정관념, 목표점화, 망각지시, 오기억

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