ISSN : 1229-0653
본 연구에서는 사람들이 추가 납부 상황에 직면하였을 때 납부나 환급에 대한 기대를 가지고 있었는지에 따라 납부 상황을 평가하는 준거점이 달라지면서 납세순응도가 달라지는지 보고자 하였다. 그리고 이러한 기대의 영향이 납세방법이 다른 직업(근로소득자 vs. 자영업자)에 따라 다르게 나타나는지와 성별과 조절초점과 같은 개인차 변인이 납세순응도에 영향을 미치는지 함께 살펴보고자 하였다. 추가 납부 상황을 제시하는 가상의 시나리오를 제시하고 조건별로 기대 유무와 기대 내용을 달리하여 응답자들의 납세순응도를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 직업에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 근로소득자의 경우 기대가 없는 경우 납부보다 환급 상황에서 납세순응도가 높게 나타나 기존 연구에서 나타난 원천징수 현상이 반복적으로 나타났으나 기대가 있는 경우 환급보다 납부 상황에서 납세순응도가 높게 나타나 기대자산이 준거점으로 작용함을 보여주었다. 반면 자영업자의 경우 기대의 유무나 내용이 납세순응도에 전혀 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 성별과 조절초점의 개인차 변인을 넣어 직업별로 분석한 경우 근로소득자에게는 향상초점이, 자영업자에게는 예방초점의 영향이 상대적으로 크게 나타나고 자영업자의 경우 성별과 조절초점의 상호작용이 복잡한 양상으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구결과의 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 논의하였다.
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of expectation for payment or refund on reference points and tax compliance when people faced additional tax payment. In addition, it was examined if the effects of expectation were different according to jobs (the employed vs. the self-employed) and individual differences such as sex and regulatory focus affected tax compliance. Hypothetical scenarios were provided presenting additional payment situations with different manipulations of expectation and tax compliance was measured. The results showed that tax compliance was different depending on jobs. In case of the employed, when there was no expectation, tax compliance was higher in the refund condition than in the payment condition, replicating the withholding phenomenon. When there was expectation, however, tax compliance was higher in the payment condition than in the refund condition, suggesting that the expected asset position was used as reference points. In case of the self-employed, the manipulations of expectation did not affect tax compliance. When sex and regulatory focus were analyzed together in each job category, the employed were affected more by promotion focus, whereas the self-employed were affected more by prevention focus and the self-employed showed more complex interactions among sex, regulatory focus, and expectation. Finally, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
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