When Power Meets Moral Issues: Approach-Inhibition? or Promotion-Prevention?

권력의 효과에 대한 기존 연구들은 권력이 사람들의 접근성향을 높인다고 밝히고 있다. 본 연구에서는 접근-억제 시스템과 유사하나 목적상태에 따라 조절시스템을 달리 제시한 조절초점 이론을 사용하여 권력의 효과를 살펴보았다. 도덕적 판단은 접근-억제 시스템보다는 향상-예방 초점으로 구성된 조절초점과 좀 더 관련되어 있을 것이라고 가정하고 이를 검증해보았다. 이를 위해 3개의 실험이 실시되었다. 실험 1, 2에서는 단어찾기퍼즐 과제와 과거경험쓰기 과제로 권력을 조작하였으며 도덕적 시나리오를 읽은 후 접근-억제 기제와 조절초점, 정서가 평가되었다. 실험 3에서는 조절초점변화의 방향을 파악하기 위해 통제집단이 포함되었다. 실험 1, 2, 3의 결과, 도덕적 판단에 있어서 권력의 고저는 접근-억제 시스템에는 영향을 주지 않았으며, 조절초점, 특히 예방초점에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 모든 집단에서 예방초점이 향상초점보다 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나타나 도덕적 판단이 예방초점과 관련되어 있을 가능성을 제시하였다. 아울러 고권력집단은 저권력집단에 비해 예방초점이 유의미하게 낮았는데, 연구 3의 결과는 이러한 변화가 저권력집단의 예방초점이 높아진 것이 아니라 고권력집단의 예방초점이 낮아진 것임을 제시하였다. 본 연구결과는 도덕적 판단에서 권력의 효과는 조절초점을 통해서 좀 더 잘 설명될 수 있으며, 그 중 예방초점이 권력과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 보여주고 있다.

keywords: 권력, 도덕적 판단, 접근-억제, 조절초점, 예방초점, power, moral judgment, approach-inhibition, regulatory focus, prevention focus

Abstract

Previous research on power revealed power is associated with the approach system. This paper tried to explore the relationships between power and regulatory focus, which seems similar motivational system with BAS/BIS(behavioral activation system/behavioral inhibition system). However, regulatory focus has been regarded as a different motivational system from BAS/BIS, in that regulatory focus can explain the goal state of an action or inaction. Three experiments were conducted. In Study 1 and 2, after manipulating power, participants read a moral dilemma and BAS/BIS and regulatory focus were measured subsequently. In Study 3, control group was included to clarify the changes of regulatory focus after power manipulation. Results showed power manipulation did not affect participants’ BAS/BIS scores after reading a moral scenario. Instead, it changed participants’ regulatory focus, in specific, prevention focus. Prevention focus was more decreased in high-power condition than in both low-power and control conditions. In addition, prevention scores were strongly higher than promotion scores in all the participants. The implications and limitations of this study and the directions for the future research were discussed.

keywords: 권력, 도덕적 판단, 접근-억제, 조절초점, 예방초점, power, moral judgment, approach-inhibition, regulatory focus, prevention focus

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논문 상세

Vol.28 No.1

도덕적 판단에서 권력의 효과: 접근/억제인가, 향상/예방인가

When Power Meets Moral Issues: Approach-Inhibition? or Promotion-Prevention?

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격