Facial inferences of social relations precited Korean elections better than did facial inferences of competence

본 연구에서는 후보자들의 얼굴에서 유추할 수 있는 유능함과 사회적 관계가 선거 결과에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 한국과 같은 상호의존적인 문화에서는 어떤 사람에 대한 사회적 판단이 그 사람의 내재적 속성에 크게 영향을 받지 않기 때문에 후보자의 얼굴에 드러나는 개인적 속성(예를 들면, 유능함)이 선거에 미치는 영향이 미미한 것으로 확인되었다. 하지만 사회적 관계가 상호의존적인 문화에서 갖는 중요성을 감안하면 얼굴에서 지각되는 사회적 속성(예를 들면, 인간관계)은 그 사람에 대한 판단을 내릴 때 중요한 단서가 될 것으로 기대될 수 있다. 이런 가설을 검증하고자 초등학교 3학년생 92명으로 구성된 참가자들에게 60쌍의 얼굴 사진을 제시하였다. 참가자들은 제시된 쌍 중에서 “더 똑똑해 보이는 사람(유능함)”과 “더 친구가 많아 보이는 사람(사회적 관계)”을 선택하여 보고하였다. 참가자들은 인지하지 못하였지만 제시된 얼굴 쌍은 실제 선거의 당선자와 낙선자로 구성되어 있었다. 연구 결과, 친구가 많아 보일 것 같은 후보자가 당선자일 확률은 낙선자일 확률보다 유의미하게 높았지만 유능하다고 지각된 후보는 그렇지 않았다. 즉, 얼굴에서 지각된 유능함은 선거 결과를 우연 수준 이상으로 예측하지 못하였지만 얼굴에서 지각된 사회적 관계는 선거 결과를 유의미하게 예측하였다. 이런 결과는 상호의존적인 문화권에 속하는 한국의 선거에서는 유능함과 같은 후보자의 개인적 속성 보다는 인간관계와 같은 사회적 속성이 더 중요한 요인으로 작용할 수 있음을 시사한다.

keywords: Face Perception, Political Elections, Impression Formation, Culture, Social Cognition, 얼굴 지각, 선거, 인상 형성, 문화, 사회 인지

Abstract

We hypothesized that social competence inferred from faces would be a better predictor of Korean elections than competence judgments made about faces. In order to test the hypothesis, we recruited 92 Koran children (10 years of age & 46 females) and showed them 30 pairs of faces consisting of two candidates from either 2012 or 2016 national assembly elections. For each pair, participants indicated 1) the person who might be smarter (competence) and 2) the person who might have more friends (social competence). In support of the hypothesis, perceived social competence significantly predicted the election outcomes. However, perceived competence was not significantly associated with election outcomes in 2012 and had negative effects on election outcomes in 2016. The findings suggest that, when making social judgment, personal attributes like competence may not be important whereas social attributes like social relations may serve as a critical factor in interdependent cultures.

keywords: Face Perception, Political Elections, Impression Formation, Culture, Social Cognition, 얼굴 지각, 선거, 인상 형성, 문화, 사회 인지

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논문 상세

Vol.30 No.4

얼굴에서 유추할 수 있는 유능함과 사회적 관계가 한국 선거 결과에 미치는 영향

Facial inferences of social relations precited Korean elections better than did facial inferences of competence

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격