- P-ISSN1229-0653
- KCI
한국 청년세대의 체제정당화: 의미 불일치 경험과 그 심리적 결과를 중심으로
System-justification For the Korean Young Generation: With Focus on the Experiences of Meaning Discrepancy and Their Psychological Consequences
안정민 (중앙대학교 심리학과)
서예지 (중앙대학교)
정태연 (중앙대학교)
초록
본 연구는 한국의 청년 세대에서 나타나는 체제정당화 현상의 내용과 과정을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 성인초기 한국인 20명(평균 연령 28.1세, 남성 13명, 여성 7명)을 대상으로 일대일 심층 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 반구조화된 질문지에 기초하여 참여자들이 이상과 현실의 불일치를 경험하는 구체적인 맥락을 파악하고, 그와 관련된 인지․정서․행동적 결과가 무엇인지, 그리고 해당 경험에 따른 사회 시스템에 대한 표상 그리고 불일치를 해결하는 개인의 심리적 과정을 탐색하였다. 근거이론에 기초한 자료 분석을 통해 도출된 주요 개념들은 의미 불일치 경험, 한국 사회에 대한 표상, 정서적 결과 및 행동적 결과 등 네 영역으로 재구성 되었다. 의미 불일치를 야기하는 개인적 경험은 ‘자기가치감 상실’, ‘삶의 목표에 대한 좌절’, ‘현실 사회에 대한 실망’의 세 가지 형태로 범주화되었다. 이러한 불일치 경험에 영향을 미치는 한국 사회에 대한 표상으로는 ‘정답 사회’, ‘불신 사회’, ‘스트레스 사회’의 세 개 범주가 도출 되었다. 개인적 경험과 사회적 표상의 역동적인 상호작용의 결과로, 불일치 경험에 대한 ‘정서적 반응 억제’와 변화에 대한 불안과 무력감 등의 ‘부정적 예기 정서’가 나타났다. 이러한 정서적 반응은 시스템에 대한 문제의식에도 불구하고 주어진 시스템 내에서 ‘개인적 통제감’을 추구하는 선택을 하거나, ‘사회적 변화 회피와 정당화’ 반응으로 연결되었다. 이러한 반응은 체제정당화 이론의 예측과 일치하지만, 그러한 반응을 야기하는 시스템의 구체적 내용과 작동 양상은 한국 사회의 특수한 맥락을 반영하고 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 연구자들은 체제정당화 기제로서 정서조절 모델을 제안하면서, 체제정당화 연구에서 사회 문화적, 맥락 중심적 접근의 필요성을 논의하였으며, 한국 사회의 맥락에서 체제정당화 연구의 확장을 위하여 질적 연구의 필요성과 유용성을 논의했다.
- keywords
- system-justification, emotion-control-model, grounded theory, qualitative study, conservative shift, 체제정당화, 정서조절 모델, 근거이론방법, 질적 연구, 청년보수화, 헬조선
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine system-justification phenomena for the Korean young generation. To this end, we conducted face to face depth-interview with 20 adults (Mage= 28.1, 13 Males, 7 Females). Drawing on semi-structured questionnaire, we explored interviewees's psychological discrepant experiences between ideal and real daily life, figured out their representation of social system shaped by their daily experiences, and the psychological process to resolve these psychological discrepancies. The concepts derived from coding process of grounded theory were categorized into four domains: experience of discrepancy, representation of society, emotional and behavioral results. Personal experiences causing meaning discrepancy are categorized by three perspectives: loss of self-worth, frustration to life goal and disappointment by real life. The three categories, which have affected these experiences of discrepancy, were extracted from the representations of Korean society such as right answer society, distrust society, and stress society. Suppressing emotional response to experience of discrepancy and negative expecting emotion such as anxiety, helplessness of change appeared as results of the dynamic interaction between of personal experiences and social representations. These emotional reactions leaded the interviewees to seek personal control within existing system or to justify system avoiding actions for social change, even though they are critical against current social system. These reactions correspond with system justification theory and yet concrete contents of the system and operation causing such reactions represent specific context effects of Korean society. Given these findings, we argued the necessity of social-cultural and context-centered approaches to enrich the research of system-justification proposing emotion-control model as a system-justification mechanism and furthermore, discussed usefulness and necessity of qualitative study to expand research of system-justification in context of Korean society.
- keywords
- system-justification, emotion-control-model, grounded theory, qualitative study, conservative shift, 체제정당화, 정서조절 모델, 근거이론방법, 질적 연구, 청년보수화, 헬조선
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