Differences in suspects’ physiological responses depending on objective self-awareness during a polygraph test

본 연구에서는 폴리그래프 검사에서 객관적 자기인식이 용의자의 생리적 반응에 미치는 영향에 대해 검토하였다. 이를 위해서 실제 범죄사건 용의자들을 대상으로 객관적 자기인식(거울 유무)을 조작하여 생리적 반응을 측정하였으며, 용의자 집단 중 폴리그래프 검사결과 및 검찰 처분결과를 근거로 진실집단과 거짓집단으로 나누어 객관적 자기인식에 따른 집단 간 생리적 반응을 비교하였다. 분석결과, 진실집단은 객관적 자기인식에 따라 사건관련질문에서 생리적 반응 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 거짓집단은 거울이 있는 조건이 거울이 없는 조건에 비교해 사건관련질문에서의 생리적 반응이 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 즉 객관적 자기인식이 높은 상황에서 거짓말하는 사람은 불안과 긴장감의 증가로 인해 생리적 반응이 증가한 것으로 보인다. 이러한 결과는 폴리그래프 검사에서 객관적 자기인식이 용의자들의 진술 진위여부를 명확히 파악하는데 유용하게 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

keywords: 폴리그래프 검사, 객관적 자기인식, 생리적 반응, polygraph test, objective self-awareness, physiological responses

Abstract

This study aimed to examine differences in suspects’ physiological responses depending on objective self-awareness. To manipulate objective self-awareness, all the suspects were first seated in front of a mirror during a polygraph test, after which they completed the test without facing a mirror. Depending on the polygraph test results, the suspects were divided into two groups (lie and truth groups) to identify the differences in physiological responses. The results showed that in the lie group, suspects who completed the polygraph test in front of a mirror had more physiological responses than those who were not seated in front of a mirror. In contrast, the truth group showed no statistically significant differences in physiological responses related to self-awareness. The results indicate differences between the two groups in physiological responses depending on objective self-awareness. These findings may help to correctly detect the truth and lies in many applied settings.

keywords: 폴리그래프 검사, 객관적 자기인식, 생리적 반응, polygraph test, objective self-awareness, physiological responses

참고문헌

김석찬, 장은희, 이상현, 방철, 김시온, 김현택 (2015). 폴리그래프 검사 요인에 따른 검찰 처분 및 판결 일치도 연구: 검찰청 폴리그래프 실증 연구. 한국심리학회지: 법정 6(1), 13-31.

박판규 (2003). 거짓말탐지검사. 서울. 삼우사.

박희정, 홍우한 (2016). 거짓말 탐지 상황에서 객관적 자기인식이 용의자의 심리상태에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 30(1), 115-130.

정재영, 김재홍, 김미영, 강민국, 지형기, 김기호, 이장한 (2010). 상반된 주장에 대한 폴리그래프 검사의 판별 정확성. 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격, 24(1), 1-10.

홍현기, 김희송, 지형기, 김기평, 진민진, 홍유나, 현명호 (2014). 숨김정보검사에서 유무죄 및 범죄정보 인식에 따른 생리심리반응 차이. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 33(3), 627-646.

Aquino, K., & Reed, A. II. (2002). The self-importance of moral identity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 1423-1440.

Beaman, A. L., Klentz, B., Diener, E., & Svanum, S. (1979). Objective self-awareness and transgression in children: A field study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1835-1846.

Ben-Shakhar, G. (1991). Clinical judgment and decision-making in CQT-polygraphy. Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science, 26, 232-240.

Ben-Shakhar, G., & Furedy, J. J. (1990). Theories and Applications in the Detection of Deception: A Psychophysiological and International Perspective. New York: Springer-Verlag.

10.

Buckley, J. P., & Senses, L. C. (1991). The Influence of Race and Gender on Blind Polygraph Charts Analyses. Polygraph, 20(4), 247-258.

11.

Bull, R. (1988). What is the lie-detection test? In A. Gale (Ed.), The polygraph test: Lies, truth and science(pp. 10-19). London: Sage.

12.

Diener, E., & Wallbom, M. (1976). Effects of self-awareness on antinormative behavior. Journal of Research in Personality, 10, 107-111.

13.

Duval, S., & Wichlund, R. A. (1972). Theory of objective self-awareness. New York: Academic Press.

14.

Duval, T., Duval, V., & Neely, R. (1979). Self-focus, felt responsibility and helping behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1769-1778.

15.

Ekman, P. (2001). Telling lies: clues to deceit in the marketplace, politics and marriage. New York: Norton and Company.

16.

Elaad, E. (2003). Is the inference rule of the control question polygraph technique plausible. Psychology, Crime & Law, 9, 37-47.

17.

Gino, F., & Mogilner, C. (2014). Time Money, and Morality. Psychological Science, 25(4), 414-421.

18.

Gino, F., & Pierce, L. (2009). The abundance effect: Unethical behavior in the presence of wealth. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 109(2), 142-155.

19.

Gougler, M., Nelson, R., Handler, M., Krapohl, D., Shaw, P., & Bierman, L. (2011). Meta-analytic survey of criterion accuracy of validated polygraph techniques. Polygraph, 40, 194-305.

20.

Gronau, N., Ben-Shakhar, G., & Cohen, A. (2005). Behavioral and physiological measures in the detection of concealed information. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 147-158.

21.

Honts, C. R. (2004). The psychophysiological detection of deception, In P. Granhang and L. Strömwall(Eds.) Detection of deception in forensic contexts. London: Cambridge University Press, 103-123.

22.

Horvath, F. S., & Reid, J. E. (1971). The reliability of polygraph examiner diagnosis of truth and deception. The Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science, 62, 276-281.

23.

Lawson, G., Stedom, A., Zhang, C., Eubanks, D., & Frumkin, L. (2013). The effects of self-awareness on body movement indicators of the intention to deceive. Applied Ergonomics, 44, 687-693.

24.

Matte, J. A., & Reuss, R. M. (1992). A study of the relative effectiveness of physiological data in field polygraph examinations. Polygraph, 21(1), 1-22.

25.

Phillips, A. G., & Silvia, P. J. (2005). Self-Awareness and the Emotional Consequences of Self-Discrepancies. Personality and Social Psychology, 5, 703-713.

26.

Sokolov, E. N. (1963). Perception and the conditioned reflex, Oxford: Pergamon Press.

27.

Vrij, A. (2000). Detecting lies and deceit: The psychology of lying and implications for professional practice. Chichester; John Wiley & Sons.

바로가기메뉴

논문 상세

Vol.32 No.1

폴리그래프 검사에서 객관적 자기인식에 따른 용의자의 생리적 반응차이

Differences in suspects’ physiological responses depending on objective self-awareness during a polygraph test

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격