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ISSN : 1229-0653

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Vol.33 No.1

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도덕 판단에서 나타나는 내-외집단 차이: 위반 주체 소속집단과 위반 장소의 효과

Ingroup-outgroup difference in moral judgment: The effect of group membership of the transgressor and the location of transgression

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2019, v.33 no.1, pp.19-52
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2019.33.1.002
이승민 (부산대학교)
설선혜 (부산대학교)
이승민, & 설선혜. (2019). 도덕 판단에서 나타나는 내-외집단 차이: 위반 주체 소속집단과 위반 장소의 효과. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 33(1), 19-52, https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2019.33.1.002

초록

사회 규범은 집단을 유지하고 집단 구성원을 보호하는 역할을 한다. 따라서 규범의 준수와 위반에 대한 판단은 집단 정보와 맥락에 따라서 달라질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 비경쟁 맥락(연구 1)과 경쟁 맥락(연구 2)에서 집단 정보가 도덕 판단에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 구체적으로, 위반 주체의 소속집단(내집단 vs. 외집단)과 위반 장소(내집단 vs. 외집단)에 따라서 도덕 판단이 어떻게 달라지는지 알아보았다. 도덕 판단은 위반 규범의 분류와 위반 행위에 대한 평가로 구분하여 측정하였다. 연구 1에서는 참가자의 소속 대학교와 타 대학교를 사용하여 집단 정보를 제시하고 대학 생활에서 일어날 법한 규범 위반 사례들을 평가하도록 하였다. 그 결과, 외집단원이 내집단 장소에서 위반한 규범을 외집단 장소에서 위반한 규범에 비해서 도덕보다는 사회 인습으로 분류하는 반면, 내집단원이 위반한 규범에 대해서는 위반 장소와 무관하게 판단하였다. 위반 행위의 평가에서는 내집단원이 내집단 장소보다는 외집단 장소에서 규범을 위반할 때, 사회 인습보다 도덕 원칙 위반을 더 부정적으로 평가하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 2에서는 경쟁 관계에 있는 야구팀을 사용하여 집단 정보를 제시하고 야구 경기 관람 중 일어날 법한 규범 위반 사례들을 제시하였다. 연구 1과는 반대로 연구 2에서는 내집단 장소에서 외집단원이 위반한 규범을 내집단원이 위반한 규범에 비해 도덕 원칙으로 판단하는 경향성이 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 위반 주체의 소속집단과 위반 장소가 도덕 판단에 서로 다른 방식으로

keywords
도덕 판단, 내집단-외집단 차이, 검은 양 효과, 도덕적 지역주의, 도덕-인습 구분, moral judgment, ingroup-outgroup difference, black sheep effect, moral parochialism, moral-conventional distinction

Abstract

Social norms play a fundamental role in the survival of a group and the well-being of the group members. Therefore, people consider group information important when they make judgment on norm violation. The current study aims to investigate the effect of group information in the moral judgment under non-competitive(Study 1) and competitive(Study 2) contexts. Specifically, we investigated the effects of the transgressor’s group membership(ingroup vs. outgroup) and the physical location where the transgression has occurred(ingroup vs. outgroup). Moral judgment was measured using a moral-conventional task and moral evaluation task. In Study 1, we used participants’ affiliated university and a nearby university to manipulate the group information and asked participants to evaluate hypothetical norm violations that were assumed to happen in college life. We found that outgroup member’s transgression occurred in the ingroup territory than in the outgroup territory was regarded as conventional than moral, whereas the moral-conventional judgment of ingroup member’s transgression was not affected by the physical location. Participants evaluated ingroup member’s moral violation occurred in the outgroup territory more negatively than that occurred in the ingroup territory. In Study 2, we invited a group of baseball fans and manipulated the group information using the context of a game against a rival team, in order create a competitive context. Contrast to Study 1, Study 2 showed that outgroup member’s transgression in the ingroup’s territory was judged as moral than conventional, compared to ingroup member’s transgression. Our findings suggest that the transgressor’s group membership and the physical location of the transgression can have different effects on moral judgment under non-competitive and competitive contexts.

keywords
도덕 판단, 내집단-외집단 차이, 검은 양 효과, 도덕적 지역주의, 도덕-인습 구분, moral judgment, ingroup-outgroup difference, black sheep effect, moral parochialism, moral-conventional distinction

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