바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

ACOMS+ 및 학술지 리포지터리 설명회

  • 한국과학기술정보연구원(KISTI) 서울분원 대회의실(별관 3층)
  • 2024년 07월 03일(수) 13:30
 

logo

  • P-ISSN1229-0653
  • KCI

도피이론으로 검증한 성인 초기 여성의 완벽주의, 자존감 그리고 물질주의 추구

Escape Theory and Materialism: A Longitudinal Analysis of Perfectionism and Self-Esteem Among Young Adult Women

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2019, v.33 no.1, pp.1-18
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2019.33.1.001
설경옥 (이화여자대학교)
박민경 (이화여자대학교)
안은지 (이화여자대학교)
김지영 (이화여자대학교)
백상은 (이화여자대학교)

초록

이 연구는 개인이 물질주의를 추구하는 심리적 과정을 밝히고자 실시되었다. 이를 위해 Donnelly 등(2016)이 도피이론을 적용하여 물질주의 과정을 설명한 6단계 중 1단계를 비현실적이고 과도하게 높은 삶의 기준을 갖는 사회부과적 완벽주의로, 2단계를 완벽한 기준에 부합하지 못하는 자신을 부정적으로 지각 혹은 평가하게 하는 낮은 자존감으로 개념화하여 성인 초기 여성이 물질주의에 이르는 과정을 종단연구를 통해 확인하였다. 구체적으로 사회부과적 완벽주의 초기값이 자존감 초기값과 변화율을 매개로 물질주의 초기값과 변화율을 예측하는지 검정하였다. 가설 검증을 위해 성인 초기 여성 571명을 대상으로 1.5년 동안 네 번의 설문을 실시하였다. 분석결과 초기값 간 매개 경로에서 사회부과적 완벽주의가 높은 여성은 낮은 자존감을 매개로 높은 물질주의를 보였고, 사회부과적 완벽주의 초기값이 자존감 변화율을 매개로 물질주의 변화율을 예측하는 종단적 매개효과는 유의하지 않았다. 그러나 자존감 변화율이 물질주의 변화율을 유의하게 예측하여 자존감이 낮아질수록 물질주의 추구 경향은 더 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 한국사회에서 성인 초기 여성의 심리적 안녕감과 정신건강을 해치는 주요 변인인 물질주의가 강화되는 과정을 추론할 수 있는 근거를 제시하였다는 의의가 있다.

keywords
Materialism, self-esteem, socially prescribed perfectionism, escape theory, parallel process mediation model, 물질주의, 자존감, 사회부과적 완벽주의, 도피이론, 병렬과정 매개모형

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine psychological procedures that explain one’s pursuit of materialism. We employed Donnelly et al.’s (2016) application of the Escape Theory to Materialism. The first step is having unrealistic and overly high standards of life, as measured by socially prescribed perfectionism. The second step is the development of a negative perception of the self for not meeting high standards, as measured by low self-esteem. We hypothesized that initial and decrease of self-esteem over time would mediate the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism, and initial and increase in materialism. A total of 571 young adult women completed surveys four times over one and a half years. Cross-sectionally, low self-esteem mediated the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and materialism at time 1. Longitudinally, we only found that as self-esteem lowered over time there was an increase of materialism. Materialism is an important variable to understand Korean young adult women’s psychological well-being and mental health. These results provided understanding of how Korean young adult women reinforce materialism over time.

keywords
Materialism, self-esteem, socially prescribed perfectionism, escape theory, parallel process mediation model, 물질주의, 자존감, 사회부과적 완벽주의, 도피이론, 병렬과정 매개모형

참고문헌

1.

고현석, 민경환, 김민희 (2012). 자존감, 자존감안정성, 자기개념 명료성과 심리적 적응과의 관계 탐색. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 31, 825-846.

2.

김유나, 설경옥, 박선영 (2017). 청소년의 물질주의 가치와 심리적 부적응 및 학업성취의 관계에서 기본심리욕구의 매개효과. 한국청소년연구, 28, 237-268. doi:10.14816/sky.2017. 28.3.237

3.

백지숙, 박성연 (2004). 어머니의 물질주의 가치관 및 양육태도가 청소년의 물질주의 가치관에 미치는 영향. 대한가정학회지, 42, 119-129.

4.

서영석, 조화진, 안하얀, 이정선 (2012). 한국인이경험한 외상사건: 종류 및 발생률. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 24, 671-701.

5.

설경옥, 박선영, 박지은 (2016). 성인기 초기 여성의 물질주의, 외모주의와 이상섭식행동의관계에서 사회비교와 신체불만족의 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 28, 875-896. doi:10.20406/kjcs.2017.11.23.4.475

6.

신현규, 장재윤 (2003). 대학 4학년생의 성격특성과 성별에 따른 취업 스트레스 및 정신건강. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 22, 815-827.

7.

오현옥 (2011). 생활체육 참여자의 다차원 완벽주의가 운동중독에 미치는 영향. 한국체육학회지, 50, 263-274.

8.

유지혜, 설경옥 (2018). 한국판 물질주의척도의타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 24, 385-410. doi:10.20406/kjcs.2018.8.24. 3.385

9.

이훈진, 원호택 (1995). 편집성 척도(Paranoia Scale)의 신뢰도, 타당도 연구. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 14, 83-94.

10.

임효진, 이지은 (2016). 중학생의 자존감, 자기통제 및 학업성취도의 종단적 변화. 학습자중심교과교육연구, 16, 315-335. doi:10.22251/jlcci.2016.16.12.315

11.

전귀연 (1998). 가족 구조환경, 물질주의 및 청소년 비행간의 관계. 대한가정학회지, 36, 87-103.

12.

전명임, 이희경 (2011). 다차원적 완벽주의와 우울, 주관적 안녕감 간의 관계: 사회적 유대감의 매개효과. 인간이해, 32, 67-83.

13.

정욱, 한규석 (2005). 자기고양 현상에 대한 조절변인으로서 자존감. 한국심리학회지: 사회및 성격, 19, 199-216.

14.

정인호, 이은진 (2013). 일중독성향의 선행변수와결과변수에 대한 연구: 자기효능감, 완벽주의 그리고 조직몰입 및 직무소진과 일중독성향의 상관성. 한국경영교육학회, 28, 364-384.

15.

조규준, 송수진 (2017). 일중독과 물질주의가 브랜드 의존성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구. 소비문화연구, 20, 97-112. doi:10.17053/jcc. 2017.20.3.006

16.

최인숙 (2013). 한국과 일본의 탈물질주의. 아세아연구, 56, 233-264.

17.

한기연 (1993). 다차원적 완벽성: 개념, 측정 및 부적응과의 관련성. 고려대학교 박사학위논문.

18.

홍세희, 유숙경 (2004). 다변량 고차 잠재성장모형을 이용한 내외통제성과 학업성취의 종단관계 분석. 교육평가연구, 17, 131-146.

19.

Ashby, J. S., & Rice, K. G. (2002). Perfectionism, dysfunctional attitudes, and self-esteem: A structural equations analysis. Journal of Counseling and Development, 80, 197-203. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2002.tb00183.x

20.

Bardone-Cone, A. M. (2006). Self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism dimensions and their associations with disordered eating. Behavior Research and Therapy, 45, 1977-1986. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2006.10.004

21.

Baumeister, R. F. (1990). Suicide as escape from self. Psychological Review, 97, 90-113. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.97.1.90

22.

Baumgardner, A. H. (1990). To know oneself is to like oneself: Self-certainty and self-affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 1062-1072. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.58.6.1062

23.

Belk, R. W. (1985). Materialism: Trait aspects of living in the material world. Journal of Consumer Research, 12, 265-280. doi:10.1086/208515

24.

Bjerke, R., & Polegato, R. (2006). How well do advertising images of health and beauty travel across cultures? A self-concept perspective. Psychology & Marketing, 23, 865-884. doi: 10.1002/mar.20137

25.

Bleidorn, W., Arslan, R. C., Denissen, J. J., Rentfrow, P. J., Gebauer, J. E., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. D. (2016). Age and gender differences in self-esteem: A cross-cultural window. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 111, 396-410. doi:10.1037/pspp0000078

26.

Brown, J. D., & Dutton, K. A. (1995). The thrill of victory, the complexity of defeat: Self-esteem and people's emotional reactions to success and failure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 712-722. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.68.4.712

27.

Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen &J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. doi:10.1177/0049124192021002005

28.

Burns, D. D. (1980, November). The perfectionist's script for self-defeat. Psychology Today, 14, 34-52.

29.

Chang, L., & Arkin, R. M. (2002). Materialism as an attempt to cope with uncertainty. Psychology &Marketing, 19, 389-406. doi:10.1002/mar.10016

30.

Chaplin, L. N., & John, D. R. (2007). Growing up in a material world: Age differences in materialism in children and adolescents. Journal of Consumer Research, 34, 480-493. doi:10.1086/518546

31.

Chen, L., Zhong, M., Cao, X., Jin, X., Wang, Y., Ling, Y., . . . Yi, J. (2017). Stress and self-esteem mediate the relationships between different categories of perfectionism and life satisfaction. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 12, 593-605. doi:10.1007/s11482-016-9478-3

32.

Cheong, J., MacKinnon, D. P., & Khoo, S. T. (2003). Investigation of mediational processes using parallel process latent growth curve modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 10, 238-262. doi: 10.1207/S15328007SEM1002_5

33.

Curran, P. J., West, S. G., & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Methods, 1, 16-29. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.1.1.16

34.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1995). Human autonomy: The basis for true self-esteem. In M. H. Kernis (Ed.), Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (pp. 31-49). New York, NY, US: Plenum Press. doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_3

35.

Dittmar, H. (2005). Compulsive buying—a growing concern? An examination of gender, age, and endorsement of materialistic values as predictors. British Journal of Psychology, 96, 467-491. doi:10.1348/000712605X53533

36.

Dittmar, H. (2008). Consumer culture, identity and well-being: The search for the “good life” and the “body perfect.” Hove, England: Psychology Press.

37.

Dittmar, H. (2011). Material and consumer identities. In S. J. Schwartz, K. Luyckx, & V. L. Vignoles (Eds.), Handbook of identity theory and research (pp. 745-769). New York, NY, US: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7988-9_31

38.

Dittmar, H., Bond, R., Hurst, M., & Kasser, T. (2014). The relationship between materialism and personal well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 107, 879-924. doi:10.1037/a0037409.

39.

Donnelly, G. E., Ksendzova, M., Howell, R. T., Vohs, K. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2016). Buying to blunt negative feelings: Materialistic escape from the self. Review of General Psychology, 20, 272-316. doi:10.1037/gpr0000078

40.

Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Blankstein, K. R., & O'Brien, S. (1991). Perfectionism and learned resourcefulness in depression and self-esteem. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 61-68. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(91)90132-U

41.

Gilman, N. (1999). Thorstein Veblen’s neglected feminism. Journal of Economic Issues, 33, 689-711. doi:10.1080/00213624.1999.11506193

42.

Grouzet, F. M., Kasser, T., Ahuvia, A., Dols, J. M. F., Kim, Y., Lau, S., . . . Sheldon, K. M. (2005). The structure of goal contents across 15cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 800-816. doi:10.1037/0022-3514. 89.5.800

43.

Guðnadóttir, U., & Garðarsdóttir, R. B. (2014). The influence of materialism and ideal body internalization on body-dissatisfaction and body-shaping behaviors of young men and women: Support for the Consumer Culture Impact Model. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 55, 151-159. doi:10.1111/sjop.12101

44.

Hamachek, D. E. (1978). Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior, 15, 27-33.

45.

Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social context: Conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social psychology, 60, 456-470. doi:10.1037/0022-3514. 60.3.456

46.

Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (2002). Perfectionism and stress processes in psychopathology. In G. L. Flett, & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism:Theory, research and treatment (pp. 255-284). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10458-011

47.

Hirsch, B. J., & DuBois, D. L. (1991). Self-esteem in early adolescence: The identification and prediction of contrasting longitudinal trajectories. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 20, 53-72. doi:10.1007/BF01537351

48.

Horney, K. (1950). Neurosis and Human Growth: The struggle toward self-realization. Oxford, England:W. W. Norton. doi:10.4324/9781315010526

49.

Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis:Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118

50.

Kasser, T., & Kasser, V. G. (2001). The dreams of people high and low in materialism. Journal of Economic Psychology, 22, 693-719. doi:10.1016/S0167-4870(01)00055-1

51.

Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M., Zax, M., & Sameroff, A. J. (1995). The relations of maternal and social environments to late adolescents' materialistic and prosocial values. Developmental Psychology, 31, 907-914. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.31.6.907

52.

Kernis, M. H. (2003). Toward a conceptualization of optimal self-esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 14, 1-26. doi:10.1207/S15327965PLI1401_01

53.

Kernis, M. H. (2005). Measuring self-esteem in context: The importance of stability of self-esteem in psychological functioning. Journal of Personality, 73, 1569-1605. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00359.x

54.

Kernis, M. H., & Waschull, S. B. (1995). The interactive roles of stability and level of self-esteem: Research and theory. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 27, pp. 93-141). San Diego, CA:Academic Press. doi:10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60404-9

55.

Leary, M. R., Haupt, A. L., Strausser, K. S., & Chokel, J. T. (1998). Calibrating the sociometer:The relationship between interpersonal appraisals and the state self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1290-1299. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1290

56.

Lee, J. H., & Hwang, J. (2011). Luxury marketing:The influences of psychological and demographic characteristics on attitudes toward luxury restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30, 658-669. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm. 2010.12.001

57.

Lee, S., Lennon, S. J., & Rudd, N. A. (2000). Compulsive consumption tendencies among television shoppers. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 28, 463-488. doi:10.1177/1077727X00284003

58.

Lysonski, S., & Durvasula, S. (2013). Consumer decision making styles in retailing: Evolution of mindsets and psychological impacts. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 30, 75-87. doi:10.1108/07363761311290858

59.

Mandel, N., Petrova, P. K., & Cialdini, R. B. (2006). Images of success and the preference for luxury brands. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 16, 57-69. doi:10.1207/s15327663jcp1601_8

60.

Morrison, K. R., & Johnson, C. S. (2011). When what you have is who you are: Self-uncertainty leads individualists to see themselves in their possessions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 639-651. doi:10.1177/0146167211403158

61.

Nagpaul, T., & Pang, J. S. (2017). Extrinsic and intrinsic contingent self-esteem and materialism:A correlational and experimental investigation. Psychology & Marketing, 34, 610-622. doi:10.1002/mar.21009

62.

Noser, A., & Zeiger-Hill, V. (2014). Self-esteem instability and the desire for fame. Self and Identity, 13, 701-713. doi:10.1080/15298868. 2014.927394

63.

O'Guinn, T. C., & Faber, R. J. (1989). Compulsive buying: A phenomenological exploration. Journal of Consumer Research, 16, 147-157. doi:10.1086/209204

64.

Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Roberts, B. W. (2008). Low self-esteem prospectively predicts depression in adolescence and young adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 695-708. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.95.3.695

65.

Park, H. J., Heppner, P. P., & Lee, D. G. (2010). Maladaptive coping and self-esteem as mediators between perfectionism and psychological distress. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 469-474. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2009.11.024

66.

Preusser, K. J., Rice, K. G., & Ashby, J. S. (1994). The role of self-esteem in mediating the perfectionism-depression connection. Journal of College Student Development, 35, 88-93.

67.

Rice, K. G., & Dellwo, J. P. (2002). Perfectionism and self-development: Implications for college adjustment. Journal of Counseling and Development, 80, 188-196. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2002. tb00182.x

68.

Richins, M. L., & Dawson, S. (1992). A consumer values orientation for materialism and its measurement: Scale development and validation. Journal of Consumer Research, 19, 303-316. doi:10.1086/209304

69.

Robins, R. W., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2005). Self-esteem development across the lifespan. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 158-162. doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00353.x

70.

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

71.

Segal, B., & Podoshen, J. S. (2013). An examination of materialism, conspicuous consumption and gender differences. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 37, 189-198. doi:10.1111/j.1470-6431.2012.01099.x

72.

Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7, 422-445. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.7. 4.422

73.

Sirgy, M. J. (1998). Materialism and quality of life. Social Indicators Research, 43, 227-260. doi:10.1023/A:1006820429653

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격