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배심 설시문 이해도에 대한 사전검사 및 사전설시의 영향

The Effects of Pre-test and Preliminary Instruction on The Comprehension of Judicial Instruction

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2020, v.34 no.3, pp.1-27
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2020.34.3.001
한유화 (충북대학교 인간심리연구소)
박광배 (충북대학교)
  • 다운로드 수
  • 조회수

초록

배심 설시문의 내용을 잘 이해하지 못한 채로 내려지는 유무죄 판단에 대한 우려는 배심원들의 설시문 이해도를 증진시키기 위한 다양한 방안들에 대한 학문적 연구들로 이어졌다. 본 연구는 배심 설시문 이해도에 대한 사전검사와 사전설시의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 수행되었다. 총 네 개의 실험조건(통제, 사전검사, 사전설시와 검사및설시 조건)에 137명의 참가자가 무선할당 되었으며, 이해도 분석을 위해 실험조건에 따른 이해도 점수와 신호탐지이론(signal detection theory: SDT)의 측정치들을 비교하였다. 실험처치는 재판 시나리오가 제시되기 전에 이루어졌다. 재판 시나리오 제시 후에는 모든 조건에서 판사 설시문을 제공하고, 이해도를 측정하였다. 배심 설시문의 내용 중 ‘무죄추정’과 ‘증거’ 이해도에 대해서는 사전검사와 사전설시 각각의 주효과가 관찰되었다. 옳게 기술된 문항에 옳은 응답을 하는 비율과 민감도는 사전검사가 제공됨에 따라 증가하였고, 반응편향 측정치는 감소하였다. 그러나 배심 설시문 내용에 대한 이해도는 사전검사와 사전설시에 의해 증진되더라도 피고인에 대한 유무죄 판단을 예측하지는 못했다. 논의에서는 이해도 점수 및 SDT 측정치들에 대한 분석 결과의 함의와 향후 배심 설시문 내용에 대한 이해도를 증진시키기 위한 배심원 교육의 개선 방향에 대해 논의하였다.

keywords
배심 설시문, 사전검사, 사전설시, 이해도, 신호탐지이론(SDT), jury instruction, pre-test, preliminary instruction, comprehension, signal detection theory (SDT)

Abstract

The concern over jurors’ legal decisions under poor comprehension of judicial instruction led many legal psychologists to study ways of improving the understanding. The current study examined the effects of pre-test and preliminary instruction on the juror’s comprehension of the jury instruction. A total of 137 participants were randomly assigned to the four experimental conditions (control, pre-test only, pre-instruction only, pre-test & pre-instruction). To analyze the level of comprehension, we compared understanding scores, and signal detection theory (SDT) measures among the conditions. The experimental manipulation was given before the trial scenario. After the scenario, the judge’s instruction and the comprehension test were provided in all conditions. Regarding the understanding of ‘presumption of innocence’ and ‘evidence,’ the significant main effects of pre-test and preliminary instruction were observed. The hit rate and the sensitivity measure were higher when the methods to improve the comprehension of the instruction were presented, while the response bias measure was lowered. However, the improved understanding did not predict the verdict. In discussion, we discussed the implication of the results and the direction for the juror education to improve the knowledge of jury instruction.

keywords
배심 설시문, 사전검사, 사전설시, 이해도, 신호탐지이론(SDT), jury instruction, pre-test, preliminary instruction, comprehension, signal detection theory (SDT)

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