Abstract

Three experiments were carried out to test the dimensinality of job-factors. Experiment I was designed to test the unipolar dual dimensionality(Herzberg, Mausner, & Snyderman, 1959) and the bipolar single dimensionality(Locke, 1976) of job-factors. Experiment II and III were designed to test the bipolar dual dimensionality of job-factors. In experiment I, the results supported the previous two theories partially. That is, the unipolar dual dimension theory was accepted only in the structure of job-factors, and the bipolar single dimension theory was accepted only in the polarity of dimension. Two factors in job-factors were also identified by factor analytic method in this experiment : One is individual-demands factor such as recognition, achievement, advancement, possibilty of growth, salary, status, job security, and personal life. The other is organizational-demands factor such as supervision, responsibility, amounts of work, work conditions, organizational policy and management, and three interpersonal relations with supervisors, with coworkers, and with subordinates. In experiment II, the bipolar dual dimensionality was verified. Individual-demands factor was more explained by individual satisfaction-dissatisfaction dimension, and organizational-demands factor more by organizational profitloss dimension. In experiment III, it was observed that the lower the organizational tenure stages, the higher the expected mismatch between individual and organization in the exchange level of individual-demands factor. And it was also observed the trend that the higher the stages the higher the expected mismatch between them in the exchange level of organizational-demands factor. Additionally two hypothetial dimensions, demands-congruence dimension and demands-exchange dimension which were combined by individual-demands dimension and organizational-demands dimension, were observed. The implications of these findings for job redesign, individual-organizational conflict, and individual-organizational goal congruence were discussed.