한국판 아동용 아이오와 도박과제(IGT) 타당화 연구
The Validation of the Korean Version of Iowa Gambling Task for Children
김교헌 (충남대학교)
권선중 (침례신학대학교)
초록
본 연구에서는 인간의 합리적 의사결정 수준을 측정하기 위해 개발된 IGT(Iowa Gambling Task) 프로그램(Bechara, 2007)을 아동에게 적합한 형태로 변형하고 그 심리측정적 속성(신뢰도와 타당도)을 검토했다. 성인용 IGT의 카드선택 총 횟수와 보상 및 처벌 규칙들을 그대로 사용하면서 아동이 도구에 대해 관심과 흥미를 느낄 수 있도록 프로그램을 재구성하였다. 자료 수집을 위해 병원에서 ADHD 진단을 받은 초등학생 17명과 일반 초등학생 3학년-6학년 아동 184명에게 IGT를 실시하였다. IGT의 핵심지표인 총점을 기준으로 심리측정적 속성을 검토한 결과, 총점과 최종잔액 간에 유의한 상관관계(.735)를 보여 구성타당도를 일부 확인할 수 있었고, ADHD로 진단 받은 임상집단과 일반 아동 간에 유의한 차이가 관찰되어 준거타당도 또한 일부 관찰할 수 있었으며, 논리망타당화를 위해 ‘충동성이 의사결정을 매개로 게임중독에 영향을 미친다’라는 모형을 설정하고 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 설정된 모형이 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 한편 의사결정과 비교적 독립적일 것으로 예상되는 성격 특성과의 관계가 모두 유의하지 않아 변별타당도를 확인할 수 있었으며, 검사-재검사로 확인한 신뢰도(r=.396, p<.01) 역시 수용할만한 수준으로 나타났다. 이는 아동용 IGT가 의사결정의 문제를 신뢰롭고 타당하게 평가할 수 있음을 시사한다. 끝으로 아동용 IGT의 활용방안에 대해 논의하였다.
- keywords
- IGT for children, Iowa Gambling Task, Decision making, Validity, Reliability, 아동용 아이오와 도박과제(IGT), 의사결정, 타당도, 신뢰도
Abstract
The study tansformed IGT(Iowa Gambing Task, Bechara, 2007) to the proper shape for children in order to measure level of rational decision making of human and reviewed the psychometric properties(reliability and validity). Using the total number of card selection of IGT for adults and compensation and punishment rule as they are, the program was recomposed so that children could have interests in the instruments. To collect samples, IGT was fulfilled to 17 elementary school students diagnosed as ADHD in hospital and 184 3rd ～ 6th grade students of general elementary school. Based on total score which is the core index of IGT, in the result of reviewing psychometric properties, as there was significant correlation between total scores and total money, the composition validity was partially confirmed and as the significant difference between clinical group diagnosed as ADHD and general children was observed, The criterion-related validity was also partially observed, and model for the logical validity also appeared proper. Meanwhile, relations of decision making and character trait expected to be comparatively independent were not significant and so discrimination validity can be confirmed and reliability(r=.396, p<.01) confirmed by examination and re-examination also appeared level to accept. It indicates that IGT for children can evaluate issue of decision making with trust and validity. At last, method of using IGT for children was discussed.
- keywords
- IGT for children, Iowa Gambling Task, Decision making, Validity, Reliability, 아동용 아이오와 도박과제(IGT), 의사결정, 타당도, 신뢰도
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