바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

발달적 관점에서 본 아동·청소년의 정서조절

Emotion Regulations of Child and Adolescent from Developmental Perspectives

한국심리학회지: 건강 / The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, (P)1229-070X; (E)2713-9581
2014, v.19 no.1, pp.1-21
https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2014.19.1.001
박지선 (부산가톨릭대학교)
  • 다운로드 수
  • 조회수

초록

정서조절은 사회생활과 심리적 안녕감에 있어 매우 중요한 것으로 초진단적 요인으로 고려되고 있다. 아동과 청소년 시기는 향후 적응에 기초가 되는 정서조절 능력이 발달하는 중요한 시기이다. 현 연구는 발달적 관점에서 아동과 청소년의 정서조절에 관한 문헌들을 리뷰하고 이 시기에 발달적 관점의 중요성을 강조하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 정서조절의 정의, 단계별 정서조절 발달 양상, 뇌와 정서조절의 발달, 아동․청소년의 정서조절과 부모의 정서조절 및 정서표현, 및 아동․청소년의 정서조절과 정신병리와의 관계를 살펴보았다. 또한 아동․청소년 상담 및 치료 장면에서 정서조절 개입 현황을 살펴보았다. 앞서 살펴본 내용들을 토대로 아동․청소년 시기의 정서조절 연구 방향에 대해 논하였다.

keywords
정서조절, 아동․청소년, 발달정신병리, 상담 및 심리 치료, 예방, emotion regulation, Child, adolescent, Developmental Psychopathology, Counseling and Psychological Intervention, Prevention

Abstract

The adaptive regulation of emotion is critical for social functioning and psychological well-being. Also, it is being considered as a transdiagnotic factor. The purpose of the present study is to review the emotion regulations of child and adolescent from developmental perspectives and to emphasize the importance of development perspectives for emotion regulations during this period. To achieve this, definitions of emotion regulation, developmental aspects of emotion regulations of brain developments of emotion regulations, relationships between emotion regulations of child and adolescent, parents’ emotion regulations and emotion expressions, emotion regulations of children and adolescents’ psychopatholoy with the current state of counseling and psychological interventions were all examined. Finally, further research tasks on the children and adolescents’ emotion regulations according to the base of previous contents were suggested.

keywords
정서조절, 아동․청소년, 발달정신병리, 상담 및 심리 치료, 예방, emotion regulation, Child, adolescent, Developmental Psychopathology, Counseling and Psychological Intervention, Prevention

참고문헌

1.

강은주, 천성문 (2011). 집단영화치료프로그램이 위기청소년의 정서조절력과 문제행동에 미치는 효과연구. 청소년상담연구, 19(2), 23-46.

2.

박은민, 김봉환 (2009). 가정학대 피해 가출 청소년을위한 정서조절 집단상담 프로그램 개발. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 21(1), 93-111.

3.

박지선 (2008). 경계선 성격장애 성향 청소년의 정서조절결함 모형에 관한 연구. 중앙대학교대학원박사학위청구논문.

4.

박지선(2010). 비행청소년과일반청소년의정서와자기개념 비교. 대한스트레스학회지, 18(1), 29-39.

5.

심태경, 이민규 (2013). 수면과 정서조절은 스트레스와걱정이 안녕에 미치는 효과를 매개하는가? 한국심리학회지: 건강, 18(4), 783-806.

6.

손경숙 (2007). 공동생활 가정 아동의 정서조절 능력 증진을 위한 집단상담프로그램 개발 및 효과. 서울여자대학교 대학원 박사학위청구논문.

7.

이선영 (2006). “교사의 상호작용 행동과 영아의 사회정서적 행동간의 관계”. 성신여자대학교 대학원석사학위청구논문.

8.

이정자 (2013). 놀이중심의 정서조절 프로그램이 위기청소년의 문제행동 및 정서조절 능력에 미치는효과. 놀이치료연구, 17(1), 57-68.

9.

이지영, 권석만 (2006). 정서조절과 정신병리의 관계: 연구 현황과 과제. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 18(3), 461-493.

10.

이혜숙, 최인숙, 임신일. (2011). 아동․청소년대상의 사회․정서발달프로그램 연구의 메타분석. 한국영유아보육학, 69, 233-255.

11.

장휘숙 (1998). 발달정신병리학의 이해. 서울: 학지사

12.

정옥분, 정순화, 임정하 (2008). 정서발달과 정서지능. 서울: 학지사

13.

최은주(2011). 정서표현과정서조절을강화하는문학치료프로그램이 저소득층 아동의 또래관계에 미치는효과. 경북대학교 대학원 석사학위청구논문.

14.

Adrian, M., Zeman, J., Erdley, C., Lisa, L., Homan, K., & Sim, L. (2009). Social contextual links to emotion regulation in an adolescent psychiatric inpatient population: do gender and symptomatology matter? Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 50(11), 1428-1436.

15.

Baddeley, A. (1996). Exploring the central executive. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology:Human Experimental Psychology (Special Issue: Working Memory), 49A, 5-28.

16.

Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D., & Taylor, G. J. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale II: convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 33-40.

17.

Baker, R., Holloway, J., Thomas, P. W., Thomas, S., & Owens, M. (2004). Emotional processing and panic. Behavior Research & Therapy, 42, 1271-1287.

18.

Bariola, E., Gullone, E., & Hughes, E. K. (2011). Child and adolescent emotion regulation: The role of parental emotion regulation and expression. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 14, 198-212.

19.

Berking, M. (2007). Training Emotionaler Kompetenzen. [Affect regulation training]. Heidelberg: Springer.

20.

Berking, M., Wupperman, P., Reichardt, A., Pejic, T., Dippel, A., & Znoj, H. (2008). Emotionregulation skills as a treatment target in psychotherapy. Behaviour Research &Therapy, 46, 1230-1237.

21.

Bridges, L., Denham, S., & Ganiban, J. (2004). Definitional issues in emotion regulation research. Child Development, 75, 340-345.

22.

Campos, J., Campos, R., & Barrett, K. (1989). Emergent themes in the study of emotional development and emotion regulation. Developmental Psychology, 25, 394-402.

23.

Campos, J. J., Frankel, C. B., & Camras, L. (2004). On the nature of emotion regulation. Child Development, 75, 377-394.

24.

Campos, J., Mumme, D. L., Kermoian, R., & Campos, R. G. (1994). A functionalist perspective on the nature of emotion. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59, 284-303.

25.

Catanzaro, S. J., & Greenwood, G. (1994). Expectancies for negative mood regulation, coping, and dysphoria among college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 34-44.

26.

Case, R. (1972). Validation of a neo-Piagetian capacity construct. Journal of Expreimental Child Psychology, 14, 287-290.

27.

Carstensen, L. L., Issacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously. A theory of socioemotional selectivity. The American Psychologist, 54, 165-181.

28.

Carstnsen, L. L., & Lockenhoff, C. E. (2003). Aging, emotion, and evolution: The bigger picture. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1000, 152-179.

29.

Cole, P. M., Martin, S. E., & Dennis, T. A. (2004). Emotion regulation as a scientific construct:Methodological challenges and directions for child development research. Child Development, 75, 317-333.

30.

Cole, P. M., Michel, M. K., & Teti, L. O. (1994). The development of emotion regulation and dysregulation: A clinical perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59, 73-100.

31.

Cooper, L. M., Wood, P. K., Orcutt, H. K., & Albino, A. (2003). Personality and the predisposition to engage in risky or problem behaviors during adolescence. Journal of Personality &Social Psychology, 84, 390-410.

32.

Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO personality inventor(NEO-PI-R) and NEO five-factor inventory(NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odess, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

33.

Damasio, A. R. (1994). Descartes’ error: Emotion, reason and the human brain. New York:Grosset/Putnam.

34.

Davidson, R. J., & Slagter, H. A. (2000). Proving emotion in the developing brain: functional neuroimaging in the assessment of the neural substrates of emotion in normal and disordered children and adolescents. Mental Retardation Developmental disability Research Reviews, 6, 166-170.

35.

Dodge, K. A., & Garber, J. (1991). Emotion and social information processing. In J. Garber & K. A. Dodge (Eds.), The development of emotion regulation and dysregulation (pp. 159-181). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

36.

Eisenberg, N., Champion, C., & Ma, Y. (2004). Emotion related regulation: An emerging construct. MerrillPalmer Quarterly, 50, 236-259.

37.

Eisenberg, N., Cumberland, A., & Spinrad, T. l. (1998). Parental socialization of emotion. Psychological Inquiry, 9, 241-273.

38.

Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Guthrie, I. K., & Reiser, M. (2000). Dispositional emotionality and regulation: Their role in predicting quality of social functioning. Journal of Personality &Social Psychology, 78, 136-157.

39.

Eisenberg, N., & Spinrad, T. L. (2004). Emotionrelated regulation: Sharpening the definition. Child Development, 75, 334-339.

40.

Feldman-Barrett, L., Gross, J. J., Christensen T. C., & Benvenuto, M. (2001). Knowing what you’re feeling and knowing what to do about it: mapping the relation between emotion differentiation and emotion regulation. Cognition & Emotion, 15, 713-724.

41.

Garber, J., Braafladt, N., & Zeman, J. (1991). The regulation of sad affect: An information processing perspective. In J. Garber, & K. Dodge (Eds.), The development of emotion regulation & dysregulation (pp. 208-240). New York: Cambridge University Press.

42.

Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the d difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Journal of Psychopathology & Behavioral Assessment, 26, 41-54.

43.

Gilbert, P., Baldwin, M., Irons, C., Baccus, J., & Clark, M. (2006). Self-criticism and self-warmth: an imagery study exploring their relation to depression. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 20, 183-200.

44.

Greenberg, L. S. (2002). Emotion-focused therapy:Coaching clients to work through their feelings. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.

45.

Greenberg, M. T., Kusche, C. A., Cook, E. T., & Quamma, J. P. (1995). Promoting emotional competence in school-aged children: The effects of the PATHS curriculum. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 117-136.

46.

Gresham, D., & Gullone, E., (2012). Emotion regulation strategy use in children and adolescents: The explanatory roles of personality and attachment. Personality &Individual Differences, 52(5), 616-621.

47.

Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2, 271-299.

48.

Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition & Emotion, 13, 551-573.

49.

Gross, J. J., Carstensen, L. L., Pasupathi, M., Tasai, J., Skorpen, C. G., & Hsu, A. Y.(1997). Emotion and aging: Experience, expression, and control. Psychology & Aging, 12, 590-599.

50.

Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 581-605). New York: Guilford Press.

51.

Gross, J. J., & Levenson, R. W. (1993). Emotional suppression: Physiology, self-report, and expressive behavior. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 64(6), 70-986.

52.

Hayes, S. C., Wilson, K. G., Gifford, E. V., Follette, C. M., & Strohsal, K. (1996). Experiential avoidance and behavioral disorders: a functional dimensional approach to diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Consulting &Clinical Psychology, 64, 1152-1168.

53.

Hessler, D. M., & Katz, L, F. (2010). Brief report:Associations between emotional competence and adolescent risky behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 33, 241-246.

54.

Hongwanishkul, D., Happaney, K. R., Lee, W. S. C., & Zelazo, P. D. (2005). Assessment of hot and cool executive function in young children: Age-related changes and individual differences. Developmental Neuropsychology, 28, 617-644.

55.

Izard, C. E. (2002). Translating emotion theory and research into preventive interventions. Psychological Bulletin, 128(5), 796-824.

56.

Izard, C. E., Trantacosta, C. J., King, K. A., & Mostow, A. J. (2004). An emotion-based prevention program for Head Start children. Early Education & Development, 15, 407-422.

57.

Keatin, D. P., & Bobbitt, B. L. (1978). Individual and developmental differences in cognitive processing components of mental ability. Child Development, 49, 155-167.

58.

Keenan, K. (2000). Emotion dysregulation as a risk factor for child psychopathology. Clinical Psychology: Science & Practice, 7, 418-434.

59.

Kobasa, S. C., Maddi, S. R., & Kahn, S. (1982). hardiness and health: a prospective study. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 42, 168-177.

60.

Kovacs, M., Sherrill, J., George, C. J., Pollock, M., Tumuluru, R. V., & Ho, V. (2006). Contextual emotion-regulation therapy for childhood depression: Description and pilot testing of a new intervention. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 892-903.

61.

Labouvie-Vief, G., Hakim-Larson, J., & Hobart, C. J. (1987). Age, ego level, and the life-span development of coping and defense processes. Psychology & Aging, 2, 286-293.

62.

Lamm, C., & Lewis, M. D. (2010). Developmental change in the neurophysiological correlates of self-regulation in high-and low-emotion conditions. Developmental Neuropsychology, 35, 156-176.

63.

Lange, K., Williams, L. M., Young, A. W., Bullmore, E. T., Brammer, M. J., Williams, S. C. R., Gray, J. A., & Phillips, M. L. (2003). Task instructions modulate neural response to fearful facial expressions. Biological Psychiatry, 53, 226-232.

64.

Larsen, R. J., & Prizmic, Z. (2004). Affect regulation. In K. D. Vohs, & R. F. Baumeister (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, & applications (pp. 40-61). New York: Guilford.

65.

Larson, R., Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Graef, R. (1980). Mood variability and the psychosocial adjustment of adolescents. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 9, 469-490.

66.

Lawton, M. P., Kleban, M. H., Rajagopal, D., & Dean J. (1992). Dimensions of affective experience in three age groups. Psychology & Aging, 7, 171-184.

67.

Leahy, R. L. (2002). A model of emotional schemas. Cognitive & Behavioral Practice, 9, 177-190.

68.

Levenson, R. W., Carstensen, L. L., Friesen, W. V., & Ekman, P. (1991). Emotion, physiology, and expression in old age. Psychology &Aging, 6, 28-35.

69.

Lischetzke, T., & Eid, M. (2003). Is attention to feelings beneficial or detrimental to affective well-being? Mood regulation as a moderator variable. Emotion, 3, 361-377.

70.

Lorenz, J., Minoshima, S., & Casey, K. L. (2003). Keeping pain out of mind: the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in pain modulation. Brain, 126, 1079-1091.

71.

Marchesi, C., Fontò, S., Balista, C., Cimmino, C., & Maggini, C. (2005). Relationship between alexithymia and apnic disorder: a longitudinal study to answer an open question. Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, 74, 56-60.

72.

Marvin, R. S. (1992). Attachment-and family systems-based intervention in developmental psychopathology. Development &Psychopathology, 4, 697-711.

73.

Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review Psychology, 52, 397-422.

74.

Morris, A. S., Steinberg, L., Myers, S, S., & Robinson, L. R. (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16(2), 361-386.

75.

Orgeta, V. (2009). Specificity of age differences in emotion regulation. Aging & Mental Health, 13(6), 818-826.

76.

Ochsner, K. N., & Gross, J. J. (2004). Thinking makes it so: A social cognitive neuroscience approach to emotion regulation. In R. F. B. K. D. Vohs (Ed.), Handbook of Self-Regulation. Research, Theory, &Applications (pp. 229-255). New York: The Guilford Press.

77.

Rakic, P., Bourgeois, J. P., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1994). Synaptic development of the cerebral cortex: Implications for learning, memory, and mental illness. Progress in Brain Research, 102, 227-243.

78.

Rueda, M. R., Fan, J. McCandliss, B. D., Halparin, J. D., Gruber, D. B. Lercari, l. P., et al., (2004). Development of attentional networks in childhood. Neuropsychologia, 42, 1029-1040.

79.

Pascual-Leone, J. A. (1970). A mathematical model for transition in Piaget’s developmental stages. Acta Psychologica, 32, 301-345.

80.

Perlman, S. B., & Pelphrey, K. A. (2011). Developing connections for affective regulation: Agerelated changes in emotional brain connectivity. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 108, 607-620.

81.

Pitskel, N. B., Bolling, D. Z., Kaiser, M. D., Crowley, M. J., & Pelphrey, K. A. (2011). How grossed out are you? The neural bases of emotion regulation from childhood to adolescence. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 1, 324-337.

82.

Plutchik, R. (1993). Emotions and their vicissitudes:Emotions and psychopathology. In M. Lewis, & J. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 53-66). New York: Guilford Press.

83.

Quirk, G. J., & Berr, J. S. (2006). Prefrontal involvement in the regulation of emotion:Convergence of rat and human studies. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 16, 723-727.

84.

Repetti, R. L., Taylor, S. E., & Seeman, T. E. (2002). Risky families: Family social environments and the mental and physical health of offspring. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 330-366.

85.

Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Smith, V., Zaidma-Zait. A., & Hertzman, C. (2012). Promoting children’s prosocial behaviors in school: impact of the “Roots of Empathy” program on the social and emotional competence of school-aged children. School Mental Health, 4, 1-21.

86.

Sheeber, L., Allen, N., Davis, B., & Sorensen, E. (2000). Regulation of negative affect during mother-child problem-solving interactions:Adolescent depressive status and family processes. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 28, 467-479.

87.

Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2003). Adolescents' emotion regulation in daily life:links to depressive symptoms and problem behavior. Child Development, 74(6), 1869-1880.

88.

Southam-Gerow, M. A., & Kendall, P. C. (2002). Emotion regulation and understanding:implications for child psychopathology and therapy. Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 189-222.

89.

Spear, L. P. (2000). Neurobehavioral changes in adolescence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9, 111-114.

90.

Steinberg, L. (2005). Cognitive and affective development in adolescence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 69-74.

91.

Steinberg, L., & Avenevoli, S. (2000). The role of context in the development of psychopathology: A conceptual framework and some speculative propositions. Child Development, 71, 66-74.

92.

Stegge, H., & Meerum Terwogt, M. (2007). Awareness and regulation of emotion in typical and atypical development. In J. J. Gross, (Ed), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 249-268). New York: Guilford Press.

93.

Suveg, C., Kendall, p. C., Comer, J., & Robin. J. A. (2006). A multiple-baseline evaluation of an emotion-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxious youth. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 36, 77, 85.

94.

Suveg, C., Southam-Gerow, M. A., Goodman, K. L., & Kendall, P. C. (2007). The role of emotion theory and research in child therapy development. American Psychological Association, 14, 358-371.

95.

Thompson, R. A. (1994). Emotion Regulation: a theme in search of definition. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59, 25-52.

96.

Todd, R. M., Evans, J. W., Morris, D., Lewis, M. D., & Taylor, M. J. (2011). The changing face of emotion: Age-related patterns of amygdala activation to salient faces. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 6(1), 12-23.

97.

Tottenham, N., Hare, T. A., & Casey, B. J. (2011). Behavioral assessment of emotion discrimination, emotion regulation and cognitive control in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 1-9.

98.

van Veen, V., Cohen, J. D., Botvinick, M. M., Stenger, V. A., & Carter, C. S. (2001). Anterior cingulate cortex, conflict monitoring and levels of processing. NeuroImage, 14, 1302-1308.

99.

Weinberg, A., & Klonsky, E. D. (2009). Measurement of emotion dysregulation in adolescents. Psychological Assessment, 21(4), 616-621.

100.

Zacks, R. T., Hasher, L., & Li, K. Z. H. (2000). Human memory. In F. I. Craik, & T. A. Salthouse (Eds.), Handbook of aging and cognition (pp. 293-357). Mahwah, NJ:Erlbaum.

101.

Zeman, J., Cassano, M., Perry-Parrish, C., & Stegall, S. (2006). Emotion regulation in children and adolescents. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 27(2), 155-168.

한국심리학회지: 건강