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Vol.20 No.4

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자폐 스펙트럼 환아의 수면 패턴에 대한 고찰

n analysis of sleep patterns in children with Autism spectrum disorder

한국심리학회지: 건강 / The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, (P)1229-070X; (E)2713-9581
2015, v.20 no.4, pp.765-783
https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2015.20.4.004
정경미 (연세대학교)
이춘매 (연세대학교)
정경미, & 이춘매. (2015). 자폐 스펙트럼 환아의 수면 패턴에 대한 고찰. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 20(4), 765-783, https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2015.20.4.004

초록

본 연구에서는 자폐 스펙트럼 장애(Autism Spectrum Disorder) 아동의 수면 패턴 및 수면 시간을 탐색하였으며, 연령 별 집단에 따라 학령전기(4-6세), 저학년(7-9세), 고학년(10-12세) ASD 아동의 수면 패턴을 알아보았다. 만 4세에서 12세의 ASD 아동(N=159)을 둔 부모와 연령을 매칭한정상발달한 (Typically Developing) 아동의 부모(N=146)를 모집하고, 부모보고식 설문지인 아동수면 습관척도(Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire)를 사용하여 ASD 아동의 수면 문제를 조사하였다. 연구 결과, ASD 아동이 TD 아동에 비해 수면 시간에서 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 수면문제가 심각한 것으로 나타났으며 특히 취침시간 저항, 수면 착수 지연, 수면 불안과 밤 동안 깨기 등 네 가지 수면 문제를 보고하였다. 또한 연령 별 수면 패턴을 비교한 결과, 4세에서 9세의ASD 아동은 TD 아동에 비해 CSHQ의 하위영역인 수면 착수 지연에서만 차이가 보이는 반면, 초등학교 고학년 ASD 아동은 9세 이전의 ASD 아동에 비해 수면 문제가 증가한 것이 확인되었으며 수면 착수 지연뿐만 아니라 취침 시간 저항, 수면 불안 및 수면 호흡 장애도 나타났다. 따라서 ASD 아동이 TD 아동에 비해 전반적으로 수면문제가 심각하며 연령이 많을수록 수면문제가증가한다는 것이 확인되었다. 연구에 따른 의의 및 한계에 대해 논의하였다.

keywords
Chidren with ASD, CSHQ, sleep patterns, sleep problems, age, ASD 아동, CSHQ, 수면 패턴, 수면 시간, 연령

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to 1) investigate sleep patterns and sleep duration of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD), 2) explore differences in sleep pattern by age in children with ASD(4-6years, 7-9 years, 10-12 years). Parents of 4-12 years children with ASD(N=159) and parents of age-matched typically developmental(TD) children(N=146) were recruited, and the sleep problems were measured with the Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire(CSHQ). The children with ASD showed significantly higher total scores than the TD group in four of eight subscales(bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep anxiety, and night wakings), but no group differences were found in sleep duration. Also, additional analysis comparing the sleep patterns in age groups indicated that the sleep problems increase as age in children with ASD. there were found more serious sleep problem in sleep onset delay in 4-9 age groups, but the 10-12 age groups reported more problems with bedtime resistance, sleep anxiety, and sleep disordered breathing in children with ASD. This findings suggest that the children with ASD have more various sleep problems, and there are differences of sleep pattern as age. Implications and limitations are discussed.

keywords
Chidren with ASD, CSHQ, sleep patterns, sleep problems, age, ASD 아동, CSHQ, 수면 패턴, 수면 시간, 연령

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