Temperament and character in depressive disorders

본 연구에서는 Cloninger(1994)의 기질 및 성격검사(Temperament and Character Inventory, TCI)를 이용하여 성격(personality) 특성에 따른 우울장애 환자군의 특징을 파악하고자 하였다. 구체적으로 Cloninger가 제시한 취약기질 및 미성숙성격의 개념에 근거하여 정신건강의학과에 내원한 175명의 우울장애군 환자를 적응, 취약기질, 미성숙성격, 복합취약성의 네 집단으로 구분하였다. 이후 환자들의 심리적 특성 및 적응 수준의 척도로서 기타 기질 및 성격 특성, 우울 및 불안 심각도(HAM-D, HAM-A)의 집단 간 차이는 다변량 분산분석을 통해, 불안장애 및 성격장애 공병 비율의 집단 간 차이는 Χ2 검증을 통해 분석하였다. 분석결과, 네 집단 간 성격장애 공병 비율은 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 불안장애 공병율은 미성숙성격집단에서 가장 높았으며 이는 취약기질 집단에 비해서도 유의하게 높은 수준이었다. 더불어 우울 심각도에서는 네 집단이 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 불안 심각도에서는 적응집단이 가장 낮은 점수를 보였다. 사회적 민감성, 인내력, 자기초월 척도에 있어서는 취약기질집단이 미성숙성격 혹은 복합취약성집단에 비해 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 실험적으로 통제된 집단 및 종단적 연구를 통해 반복검증될 필요가 있으나, 우울장애군에서 취약한 기질의 보유여부보다는 성숙한 성격의 유무가 심리적 적응의 수준과 관련된 중요한 요인일 가능성이 시사되어, 우울장애 치료에 있어 후천적인 성격 특성에 대한 개입의 중요성이 강조되었다.

keywords: Depressive Disorder, TCI, Temperament, Character, Vulnerable Temperament, Immature Character, 우울장애, TCI, 기질, 성격, 취약기질, 미성숙 성격

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the traits of depressive patients with Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Specifically, based on the two concepts of vulnerable temperament and immature character proposed by Cloninger, 175 heterogeneous depressive patients were divided into four groups i.e., adaptive, vulnerable temperament, immature character, and complex vulnerability group. Following four factors were measured as the indices of level of adaptation-rates of comorbid personality or anxiety disorders, and symptom severity of depression (HAM-D) and anxiety (HAM-A). Chi-square test was performed to compare the group differences in rates of comorbid disorders; and multivariate ANOVA was performed to compare the symptom severity of depression, anxiety and the scores of reward dependence, persistence, and self-transcendence among the four groups. The findings were as follows: Firstly, the rate of comorbid personality disorder showed no significant differences among groups, but the immature character group showed the highest rate of comorbid anxiety disorder. Secondly, depression severity was not significantly different among groups, but anxiety severity had the lowest score in the adaptive group. Thirdly, vulnerable temperament group showed significantly higher scores on temperament scales of reward dependence and persistence; and on character scale of self-transcendence, as compared to the complex vulnerability group. The results need further confirmation in more controlled samples. However, they emphasize the importance of adaptive character on psychological adaptation regardless of vulnerable temperaments, and its consequent role in the management of character factors in interventions for depressive disorders.

keywords: Depressive Disorder, TCI, Temperament, Character, Vulnerable Temperament, Immature Character, 우울장애, TCI, 기질, 성격, 취약기질, 미성숙 성격

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논문 상세

Vol.21 No.1

우울장애 환자군의 기질 및 성격적 특성

Temperament and character in depressive disorders

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 건강