바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology

Article Contents

Prev
e-Submission

Vol.21 No.1
Citation Share

Temperament and character in depressive disorders

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology / The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, (P)1229-070X; (E)2713-9581
2016, v.21 no.1, pp.287-297
https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2016.21.1.015



& (2016). Temperament and character in depressive disorders. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 21(1), 287-297, https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2016.21.1.015
  • Downloaded
  • Viewed
PDF Download

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the traits of depressive patients with Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Specifically, based on the two concepts of vulnerable temperament and immature character proposed by Cloninger, 175 heterogeneous depressive patients were divided into four groups i.e., adaptive, vulnerable temperament, immature character, and complex vulnerability group. Following four factors were measured as the indices of level of adaptation-rates of comorbid personality or anxiety disorders, and symptom severity of depression (HAM-D) and anxiety (HAM-A). Chi-square test was performed to compare the group differences in rates of comorbid disorders; and multivariate ANOVA was performed to compare the symptom severity of depression, anxiety and the scores of reward dependence, persistence, and self-transcendence among the four groups. The findings were as follows: Firstly, the rate of comorbid personality disorder showed no significant differences among groups, but the immature character group showed the highest rate of comorbid anxiety disorder. Secondly, depression severity was not significantly different among groups, but anxiety severity had the lowest score in the adaptive group. Thirdly, vulnerable temperament group showed significantly higher scores on temperament scales of reward dependence and persistence; and on character scale of self-transcendence, as compared to the complex vulnerability group. The results need further confirmation in more controlled samples. However, they emphasize the importance of adaptive character on psychological adaptation regardless of vulnerable temperaments, and its consequent role in the management of character factors in interventions for depressive disorders.

keywords
Depressive Disorder, TCI, Temperament, Character, Vulnerable Temperament, Immature Character, 우울장애, TCI, 기질, 성격, 취약기질, 미성숙 성격

Reference

1.

김보경, 민병배 (2006). 청소년 우울과 지각된 부모 양육행동, 기질 및 성격의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 25(1), 221-236.

2.

민병배, 오현숙, 이주영 (2007). 기질 및 성격검사 매뉴얼. 서울: 마음사랑.

3.

안정숙, 채규만 (2007). 스트레스, 성격특성과 우울증간의 관계에 관한 연구: 자기 주도성의 조절효과를중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 12(4), 813-832.

4.

이중서, 배승오, 안용민, 박두병, 노경선, 신현균, 김용식 (2005). 한국판 Hamilton 우울증 평가 척도의 신뢰도, 타당도 연구. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatry Association, 44(4), 456-465.

5.

Angst, J., & Clayton, P. (1986). Premorbid personality of depressive, bipolar, and schizophrenic patients with special reference to suicidal issues. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 27, 511-532.

6.

Beckwith, H., Moran, P., & Reilly, J. (2014). Personality disorder prevalence in psychiatric outpatients: A systematic literature review. Personality and Mental Health, 8(2), 91-101.

7.

Coid, J., Yang, M., Typer, P., Roberts, A., & Ullrich, S. (2006). Prevalence and correlates of personality disorder in Great Britain. British Journal of Psychiatry, 188, 423-431.

8.

Cloninger, C. R. (1986). A unified biosocial theory of personality and its role in the development of anxiety states. Psychiatric Developments, 6(2), 83-120.

9.

Clonincer, C. R., Przybeck, T. R., Svrakic, D. M., & Wetzel, R. D. (1994). The temperament and character inventory(TCI): A guide its development and use. Missouri : Washington University.

10.

Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., & Przybeck, T. R. (1993). A Psychobiological Model of Temperament and Character. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(12), 975-990.

11.

Cloninger, C. R., & Zohar, A. H. (2011). Personality and the perception of health and happiness. Journal of affective disorders, 128, 24-32.

12.

Dinya, E., Csorba, J., & Grósz, Z. (2012). Are there temperament differences between major depression and dysthymic disorder in adolescent clinical outpatients? Comprehensive Psychiatry, 53(4). 350-354.

13.

Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32(1), 50-55.

14.

Hansenne, M., Reggers, J., Pinto, E., Kjiri, K., Ajamier, A., & Ansseau, M. (1999). Temperament and character inventory(TCI) and depression. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 33, 31-36.

15.

Miettunen, J., & Raevuori, A. (2012). A meta-analysis of temperament in axis Ⅰ psychiatric disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 53(2), 152-166.

16.

Nery, F. G., Hatch, J. P., Nicoletti, M. A., Monkul, E. S., Najt, P., Matsuo, K., Cloninger, C. R., & Soares, J. C. (2009). Temperament and character traits in major depressive disorder: influence of mood state and recurrence of episodes. Depression and Anxiety, 26(4), 382-388.

17.

Svrakic, D. M., Przybeck, T. R., & Cloninger, C. R. (1992). Mood states and personality traits. Journal of Affective Disorders, 24, 217-226.

18.

Teraishi, T., Hori, H., Sasayama, D., Matsuo, J., Ogawa, S., Ishida, I., Nagashima, A., Kinoshita, Y., Ota, M., Hattori, K., Higuchi, T., & Kunugi, H. (2015). Personality in remitted major depressive disorder with single and recurrent episodes assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 69, 3-11.

19.

Torgersen, S., Kringlen, E., Cramer, V. (2001). The prevalence of personality disorders in an community sample. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58(6), 590-596.

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology

e-Submission OA Policy