강점의 군집유형에 따른 행복과 우울의 차이
Differences in Happiness and Depression by Clusters of Character Strengths
초록
이 연구에서는 성격강점이 자연발생적으로 어떠한 군집을 형성하는지 한국 성인을 대상으로 탐색하고, 분류된 군집에 따른 행복과 우울의 차이 및 인구사회학적 변인의 특성을 분석하였다. 군집분석을 통해 만 20세 이상 827명의 참여자를 5개 집단으로 구분하였다. 의지적 강점이 뛰어난 ‘의지집단’은 삶의 만족도와 행복 점수가 가장 높고 우울 점수가 가장 낮았으며, 다른 집단보다 연령이 유의하게 높았다. 반면 절제 및 정의 관련 강점이 뛰어난 ‘사회집단’은 삶의 만족도와 행복 점수가 가장 낮고 우울 점수가 유의하게 높았으며, 남성과 기혼, 무교, 전일제 근무자 비율이 가장 많았다. 지식 관련 강점이 뛰어난 ‘지성집단’은 우울 점수가 가장 높았으며, 연령이 어리고 미혼과 학생 비율이 가장 많았다. 대인관계적 강점이 뛰어난 ‘관계집단’은 행복 점수가 유의하게 낮았으며, 여성과 시간제 근무자 비율이 가장 많았다. 초월적 강점이 뛰어난 ‘초월집단’은 삶의 만족도, 행복, 우울에서 평균 수준을 보였으며, 연령이 가장 높고 기독교와 전업주부 비율이 가장 많았다. 이 연구는 성격강점의 자연발생적인 군집을 경험적으로 확인했다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 성인의 심리적 건강 증진 개입에 유용한 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이다. 마지막으로 이 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.
- keywords
- character strengths, cluster analysis, happiness, depression, 성격강점, 군집분석, 행복, 우울
Abstract
This study explored the natural groups based on Korean adult's character strengths using cluster analysis and examined the differences in happiness, depression, and demographic variables among the groups. The combinations of six virtues drawn from 827 adults over 20 years old formed five clusters. The 'Willing' group with high willing strengths showed the highest scores on satisfaction with life, happiness and ages and the lowest scores on depression. The 'Social' group with high temperance and justice showed the lowest scores on satisfaction with life and happiness and significantly high scores on depression. This group had the highest ratio of male, married, no religion, and full-time workers. The 'Intelligent' group with high knowledge showed the highest scores on depression and had the highest ratio of young, unmarried, and student. The 'Interpersonal' group with high interpersonal strengths showed the significantly low score on happiness and had the highest ratio of female and part-time workers. The 'Transcendent' group with high transcendence showed the mean scores on satisfaction with life, happiness, and depression. This group had the highest ratio of old people, Christians, and homemakers. The current study is considered as significant as it empirically identified the natural clusters based on the strengths of the adult Koreans and is believed to be useful for the intervention of adult's psychological health promotion. Finally, the limitations of the present study and suggestions for future research are discussed in the present study.
- keywords
- character strengths, cluster analysis, happiness, depression, 성격강점, 군집분석, 행복, 우울
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