한국판 균형적 시간조망척도(K-BTPS)의 타당화 연구: 대학생을 중심으로
A Validation Study of the Korean Version of Balanced Time Perspective Scale(K-BTPS) involving Undergraduate Students
이정미 (용문상담심리대학원대학교)
초록
본 연구는 Webster(2011)가 균형적 시간조망을 측정하기 위해 개발한 Balanced Time Perspective Scale(BTPS)을 한국판 척도로 타당화 하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 원척도 문항들에 대해 번역과 역번역을 진행하였고, 전문가의 내용검토과정을 거쳐 문항을 수정하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 예비척도를 제작하였다. 다음으로 예비척도로 질문지를 구성하여 수도권 소재 대학교에 재학 중인 남녀 학생 663명(M=21.53세)을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 표본 1(232명)의 자료에 대해 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 ‘미래긍정 시간조망’과 ‘과거긍정 시간조망’의 2개 요인이 추출되었고 총 26개 문항으로 이루어진 한국판 균형적 시간조망척도(K-BTPS)가 구성되었다. 이어 구성타당도와 2주 간격의 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 확인하여 양호한 결과를 얻었다. 관련 척도와의 상관분석을 통한 준거타당도 역시 양호한 수준의 타당도를 확인하였다. 다음으로, 표본 2(431명)의 자료에 대해 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 앞 선 분석에서 제안된 2요인 측정모형이 수용할만한 정도의 적합도를 보여주었다. 덧붙여 평균을 기준으로 구분한 균형적 시간조망 하위집단별 행복, 삶의 만족, 자존감을 비교하여 척도의 유용성을 살펴보았다. 끝으로 K-BTPS의 한국 타당화 과정에서 발견된 연구의 한계점이 논의되었고, 후속연구를 위한 제언과 본 연구의 의의를 밝혔다.
- keywords
- Time Perspective, Balanced time perspective, Exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, 시간조망, 균형적 시간조망, 척도타당화, 탐색적 요인분석, 확인적 요인분석
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to validate the Korean version of Balanced Time Perspective Scale (K-BTPS) involving undergraduate students. Typically, 663 college students (M=21.53) were recruited from several universities in Seoul, South Korea. The study sample included 271 men (32.73%) and 446 women (67.27%), randomly divided data into two groups for analysis. Data from Sample 1 (N=232) was analyzed for EFA (Explanatory Factor Analysis) and data from Sample 2 (N=431) was analyzed for CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis). The results were as follows; First, the two-factor structure of K-BTPS was applicable for use on Korean college students. Second, the K-BTPS showed moderate reliability with scales of happiness (OHQ), life satisfaction (SWLS), self-esteem (RSES) and with two subscales (ZTPI) of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Third, the K-BTPS showed a good test-retest reliability with respect to two-week intervals. Forth, based on the mean of K-BTPS score, participants were allocated to four sub-groups as time restrictive, futurist, reminisces, and time expansive category and the relevance between balanced time perspective and other related variables were discussed. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future studies are discussed in the present work.
- keywords
- Time Perspective, Balanced time perspective, Exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, 시간조망, 균형적 시간조망, 척도타당화, 탐색적 요인분석, 확인적 요인분석
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