자살 실행력에 대한 네트워크 분석
A Network Analysis of Capability for Suicide
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초록
자살 실행력이란 치명적인 자살행동을 실제로 취할 수 있는 능력을 의미한다. 이 개념을 처음 제안한 자살의 대인관계 이론에서는 자극적이고 고통스러운 경험을 많이 할수록 자살 실행력이 높아진다고 가정했다. 하지만 해당 가설을 검증한 연구들은 예상만큼 고통스럽고 자극적인 경험의 영향이 강하지 않다는 것을 확인했으며, 다른 변인들의 영향 또한 고려해야 함을 제안했다. 이에 본 연구에서는 상호 연관성이 강하고 복잡한 변인들의 관계를 파악하는 기법인 네트워크 분석을 이용하여 자살 실행력과 관련 변인들의 관계를 분석하고자 했다. 총 299명의 대학생이 연구에 참여하였으며, 죽음에 대한 두려움 부재와 통증 감내력, 고통스럽고 자극적인 경험, 자살사고, 우울, 불안, 외로움, 정서적 고통 감내력, 대인관계 욕구, 삶의 의미, 삶에 대한 태도 등을 측정하여 네트워크 분석을 실시했다. 연구결과, 고통스럽고 자극적인 경험은 다른 변인들과의 관계를 고려했을 때 죽음에 대한 두려움이나 통증 감내력과 대체로 무관한 것으로 나타났다. 한편 자살사고와 자살 실행력의 관계가 유의한 것으로 확인되었으며, 불안이나 고통 감내력과 같은 정서적 변인과 삶의 의미와 삶에 대한 태도 등의 인지적 변인들 또한 자살 실행력과 관련이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 변인들의 관계는 성별에 따라 상이한 양상을 나타내어, 자살 실행력과 관련된 기존 이론을 수정할 필요가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 분석결과의 의미와 앞으로의 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.
- keywords
- suicide, capability for suicide, fearlessness about death, pain tolerance, network analysis, 자살, 자살 실행력, 죽음에 대한 두려움, 통증 감내력, 네트워크 분석
Abstract
The capability for suicide (CS) is the capacity to engage in lethal suicide attempts. According to the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide (IPTS), CS is enhanced by painful and provocative experiences(PPE). However, most of the empirical literature on CS suggested that the relationship between PPE and CS is not as strong as expected and other variables that could affect CS should be examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among CS and other variables including PPE using network analysis. Network analysis has been used in many studies when examining relationships among variables that are closely related to each other. Two-hundred ninety-nine college students participated in this study and responded to measures assessing fearlessness about death, pain tolerance, PPE, suicide ideation, depression, anxiety, loneliness, emotional distress tolerance, interpersonal needs, meaning in life, and attitudes toward life. The results showed that the relationship between PPE and CS was mostly not significant when effects of other variables on CS were considered. Suicide ideation was related to CS and emotional variables such as anxiety and emotional distress tolerance were also associated with CS. Also, cognitive variables such as meaning in life and attitudes toward life were related to CS. These relationships are markedly different between males and females. These results suggested that IPTS should consider modifications of concepts and principles related to CS. Several directions for future research are discussed.
- keywords
- suicide, capability for suicide, fearlessness about death, pain tolerance, network analysis, 자살, 자살 실행력, 죽음에 대한 두려움, 통증 감내력, 네트워크 분석
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