연령대별 성격강점의 발달모형: 한국인의 연령집단에 따른 성격강점 비교 및 문화적 특성
Character Strengths by Age Groups: Comparisons of Character Strengths Among Korean Age Groups and Cultural Characteristics
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 연령집단별 성격강점의 양상을 체계적으로 밝히고 정신건강 증진에 기여할 수 있는 강점을 경험적으로 확인하는 것이었다. 또한 다른 나라와의 비교를 통해 한국 성인의 핵심 강점을 발견하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 연령집단별 성격강점 순위점수 간 상관계수가 중간 수준 이상으로 높게 나타나, 전반적으로 연령집단 간 성격강점의 유사성이 시사되었다. 전 연령대에 걸쳐 사랑, 낙관성, 감사는 상위 5개 대표강점에 해당되었으며, 학구열은 하위 5개 강점에 공통적으로 포함되었다. 연령집단 간 편차가 가장 큰 성격강점은 진실성과 호기심이었는데, 연령이 높을수록 순위가 상승하는 경향이 관찰된 진실성은 장년집단에서 1위에 위치하였고, 순위가 하락하는 경향이 나타난 호기심은 중년집단과 장년집단에서 하위 5개 강점에 해당되었다. 한국 성인의 강점 순위자료를 다른 나라와 비교한 결과, 동아시아 국가들과 유의한 상관을 보인 반면 유럽 국가들과의 상관은 가장 작은 것으로 관찰되었다. 사랑, 감사, 친절성, 진실성, 공정성은 다른 나라 성인과 공통적으로 상위 강점에 포함된 한편, 낙관성은 한국 성인에서만 상위 5개 대표강점에 해당되었다. 낙관성과 감사는 전 연령대에서 높은 행복 수준 및 낮은 우울 수준과 가장 밀접히 관련되었다. 마지막으로 이 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언 및 시사점을 논의하였다.
- keywords
- character strengths, satisfaction with life, happiness, depression, Korean, cross-cultural, 성격강점, 삶의 만족, 행복, 우울, 한국인, 비교 문화
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to systematically clarify the profile of character strengths by age groups and to empirically identify the strengths that can contribute to mental health. Also, the author identified Korean adults' key strengths by comparisons with those in other countries. In this study, it was suggested that the profiles of character strengths by age groups were generally similar, because the correlations between ipsative scores of character strengths were statistically significant over moderate levels. In all age groups, love, optimism, and gratitude were in the top five, and love of learning was in the bottom five. The character strengths with the largest deviation by age groups were authenticity and curiosity. Authenticity that increased with age ranked first in the late-middle-age group. Curiosity that decreased with age was in the bottom five in the middle-age and the late-middle-age group. The character strengths of Korean adults were most similar to those of East Asian countries, whereas the similarities with European countries were the least similar. While love, gratitude, kindness, authenticity, and fairness were the top five in Korea as in other countries, optimism is in the top five only in Korea. In all age groups, optimism and gratitude were significantly associated with the high level of satisfaction(or happiness) and the low level of depression. Finally this study's limitations and the suggestions for further research are discussed.
- keywords
- character strengths, satisfaction with life, happiness, depression, Korean, cross-cultural, 성격강점, 삶의 만족, 행복, 우울, 한국인, 비교 문화
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