체중자극에 대한 주의수정이 신체불만족과 섭식행동에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Attention Bias Modification on Body Dissatisfaction and Dietary Pattern Using Weight-Related Stimuli
남종호 (가톨릭대학교)
양재원 (가톨릭대학교)
초록
본 연구에서는 체중관련 자극에 주의를 두는 것이 신체불만족을 촉발시키며 체중과 관련없는 자극에 주의 초점을 맞추는 것이 신체불만족을 감소시키는지 확인하고자 하였다. 61명의 여자 대학생을 모집하여 과체중 관련 단어 주의유도집단, 저체중 관련 단어 주의유도집단, 그리고 비체중 관련 단어 주의유도집단에 무선할당하였다. 이후 시각탐사과제를 응용한 주의편향수정 프로그램을 약 1주일 간격으로 총 2회에 걸쳐 진행하였다. 또한 실험 전, 후에 연구 참여자의 신체불만족 수준, 정서 상태, 섭식 패턴을 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 비체중 관련 자극 주의유도집단에서만 신체불만족 수준이 유의하게 감소하였다. 이들의 정서 상태와 섭식패턴에는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 반면 다른 집단들에서는 어느 측정치에서도 유의한 변화가 없었다. 이는 체중 관련 단서에 주의를 두는 것은 신체불만족에 영향을 주지 않으며, 비체중 관련 자극에 주의 초점을 맞추는 것이 신체불만족을 낮추었음을 의미한다. 즉, 체중 관련 자극은 그 속성에 관계없이 신체불만족을 유지시키는 요인임을 의미한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 한계점 및 후속 연구 방향을 논하였다.
- keywords
- 신체불만족, 주의편향, 주의편향수정, 체중 관련 자극, 비체중 관련 자극, body dissatisfaction, attention bias, attention bias modification, weight stimuli, non-weight-related stimuli
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate if weight-related stimuli had a negative effect on body dissatisfaction levels, and if attentional modification to non-weight-related stimuli could attenuate body dissatisfaction levels. Sixty-one female college students were randomly assigned to a fat word attention-inducing group, a thin word attention-inducing group, and a non-weight word attention-inducing group. We provided a modified visual search task (ie., attention bias modification [ABM] programs) for two sessions at one-week intervals. We also assessed body dissatisfaction levels, affective states, and dietary patterns at pre- and post- session times during the ABM procedure. Only the non-weight word attention-inducing group showed significant reductions in body dissatisfaction but they did not show any changes in affective states and dietary patterns. Participants in the other groups did not show any changes. Results suggest that the non-weight word stimuli could be a non-threatening factor and that inducing attention toward the non-weight words could reduce body dissatisfaction. Implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
- keywords
- 신체불만족, 주의편향, 주의편향수정, 체중 관련 자극, 비체중 관련 자극, body dissatisfaction, attention bias, attention bias modification, weight stimuli, non-weight-related stimuli
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