정서접근적 대처, 정서표현양가성에 대한 잠재계층분석과 심리적 적응 수준의 차이
A Latent Class Analysis of Emotional Approach Coping, Ambivalence Over Emotional Expressiveness and Differences in Psychological Adaptation
현명호 (중앙대학교)
초록
본 연구에서는 정서접근적 대처의 하위 요인인 정서 처리, 정서 표현이 정서 표현 유관 변인인 정서표현양가성의 수준에 따라 몇 개의 잠재계층으로 구분되는지 탐색하였다. 그리고 각 잠재계층의 특성을 정의하고 심리적 적응에서 어떠한 차이를 보이는지 살펴보았다. 총 223명의 연구대상자가 완성한 설문지를 최종 분석한 결과를 보면 첫째, 연구대상자는 ‘평균적 정서접근적 대처 사용 집단’, ‘적극적 정서접근적 대처 사용 집단’, ‘소극적 정서 표현 대처 사용 집단’, ‘회피적 정서접근적 대처 사용 집단’으로 명명된 총 네 개의 잠재계층으로 구분되었다. 둘째, 정서 처리와 정서 표현 수준이 가장 높고 정서표현양가성 수준이 가장 낮은 ‘적극적 정서접근적 대처 사용집단’에서 우울, 불안 수준이 낮고 삶의 만족도와 심리적 수용 수준이 높아 심리적 적응이 가장 양호한 반면 정서 처리와 정서 표현 수준이 가장 낮고 정서표현양가성 수준이 가장 높은 ‘회피적 정서접근적 대처 사용 집단’이 가장 적응적이지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 한편, ‘소극적 정서 표현 대처 사용 집단’의 경우 정서 처리는 평균 수준과 유사하게 가능하더라도 정서표현양가성이 높고 정서 표현의 수준이 낮아 심리적 부적응의 정도가 ‘회피적 정서접근적 대처 사용 집단’ 수준과 유사하게 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 상담 및 심리치료 장면에서 정서 경험에 대한 개방성을 지니고 그 의미를 탐색하고자하는 정서 처리와 정서 경험을 소통하고자 하는 정서 표현을 사용하도록 권장하는 것이 심리적 적응 수준 향상에 기여할 수 있음을 보여준다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.
- keywords
- 정서접근적 대처, 정서표현양가성, 우울, 불안, 삶의 만족도, 잠재계층분석, emotional approach coping, ambivalence over emotional expressiveness, depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, latent class analysis
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the number of latent classes based on emotional processing, emotional expression, and ambivalence over emotional expressiveness. We also defined the characteristics of each latent class and examined the differences in psychological adaptation according to latent classes. A total of 223 university and graduate students participated in this study. Firstly, the study participants were classified by four latent classes: “average emotional approach coping group”, “active emotional approach coping group”, “passive emotional expression coping group”, and “avoidant emotional approach coping group”. Second, psychological adaptation was the best in the “active emotional approach coping group” with low level of depression and anxiety and high level of life satisfaction and psychological acceptance. The “avoidant emotional approach coping group” which had the lowest level of emotional processing and emotional expression level and the highest level of ambivalence over emotional expressiveness showed the most psychologically maladaptive condition. Conversely, in the case of the “passive emotional expressive coping group”, emotional processing was similar to the average level, but the ambivalence over emotional expressiveness was high and the level of emotional expression was low so that the degree of psychological maladjustment was at the level of the “avoidant emotional approach coping group”. The results of this study suggest that encouraging emotional approach coping in psychotherapeutic practices can contribute to improvement of the psychological adaptation level. Limitations, implications, and future directions of this study are discussed.
- keywords
- 정서접근적 대처, 정서표현양가성, 우울, 불안, 삶의 만족도, 잠재계층분석, emotional approach coping, ambivalence over emotional expressiveness, depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, latent class analysis
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