통증위협 상황에서 반추유형에 따른 주의편향과 회피행동
Differential Effects of Types of Rumination on Attentional Bias and Avoidance Behavior in the Face of Pain-Related Threat
조성근 (충남대학교)
초록
일반적으로 통증위협을 느낄 경우, 통증 관련 자극에 주의편향을 보이거나 활동을 회피함으로써 부적응적인 결과를 초래하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 손상된 주의이탈 모형에 따르면, 반추유형은 수심과 숙고로 구분된다. 수심의 경우, 주의와 목표활동을 방해하여 부적응적 결과를, 숙고의 경우, 적응적 결과를 초래할 수 있다고 제안했다. 이에 이 연구에서는 반추유형을 조작하여 통증위협 상황에서 주의편향과 회피행동의 변화를 실험적으로 검증하고자 했다. 대전광역시 소재 대학교에 재학 중인 건강한 대학생 남녀 84명을 모집하여 통증위협 수준(고, 저) × 반추유형(수심적 사고, 숙고적 사고)에 따라 4개의 집단 중 하나에 무작위 배정한 후 실험을 실시했다. 실험 결과, 첫째, 첫 고정지속시간의 경우 통증위협, 반추유형, 통증단어유형 간 상호작용이 유의하지 않았다. 둘째, 전반적인 응시시간의 경우 통증위협 수준에 상관없이 수심적 사고 집단은 숙고적 사고 집단보다 통증관련 단어에 비해 중립단어에 응시하는 시간이 더 길었다. 셋째, 회피행동의 경우 통증위협이 높을 때 수심적 사고 집단은 숙고적 사고 집단보다 전기가 흐를 것으로 예상되는 금속 패드에 손을 대는 데 까지 걸린 시간이 더 길었던 반면에, 통증위협이 낮을 때는 집단 간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이러한 결과는 수심 및 숙고적 사고가 주의편향과 회피행동의 변화에 중요한 요인일 수 있음을 시사한다.
- keywords
- 통증위협, 반추유형, 주의편향, 회피행동, 안구추적, pain threat, types of rumination, attentional bias, avoidance behavior, eye-tracking
Abstract
Generally, it has been known that threat of pain can lead to adverse consequences through bias toward pain-related stimuli or avoidance behavior. According to the impaired-disengagement model, rumination comprises brooding and reflection. The model suggest that brooding would interfere with attention and goal activity, resulting in maladaptive consequences, but reflection would result in adaptive consequences. In this study, we examined the changes in attentional bias and avoidance behavior in the face of pain-related threat by manipulating the types of rumination. A total of 84 college students in Daejeon were recruited and randomly assigned to one of four groups according to the threat of pain (high, low) * types of rumination (brooding, reflection). Results showed that for first fixation duration, there was no significant interaction among pain threats, types of rumination, and types of pain words. For dwell time, regardless of pain threats, the brooding group gazed at neutral words longer than pain-related words, compared to the reflection group. Also, the brooding group took longer to touch the metal pad, which was expected to emit electricity, than the reflection group, when the threat of pain was high, while there was no significant difference between the groups when the threat of pain was low. These results suggest that brooding and reflection may be crucial factors for changes in attentional bias and avoidance behavior.
- keywords
- 통증위협, 반추유형, 주의편향, 회피행동, 안구추적, pain threat, types of rumination, attentional bias, avoidance behavior, eye-tracking
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