스트레스와 정서, 알코올 갈망 간의 관계: 경험 표집법을 사용하여
A Study on the Relationships Between Stress, Emotion, and Alcohol Craving: Using Experience Sampling Method
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초록
스트레스 및 부정 정서에 대처하기 위한 음주는 잘 알려져 있으며 선행 연구를 통해 반복적으로 연구되어 왔다 . 본 연구에서는 일상생활에서 순간적인 경험과 정서를 탐지할 수 있는 경험 표집을 이용하여 스트레스와 알코올 갈망 간의 관계를 부정 정서가 매개하는지 확인하고자 하였다. 선행 연구를 확장하기 위하여 개별적인 정서(예, 분노, 좌절, 우울 등)의 효과를 탐색하였다. 연구에는 사회적으로 음주하는 25～50세 성인 남녀 19명이 참여하였다. 대상자들이 일상생활에서 경험하는 스트레스, 정서 상태 및 갈망 수준을 측정하기 위하여 경험 표집법을 이용하였다. 경험 표집을 위한 질문지는 웹설문지 형태로 스마트폰을 통해 직접 작성할 수 있었으며, 잠자는 시간을 제외하고 하루에 4회 대상자들에게 절달되었다. 대상자들은 스마트폰을 통해 신호를 받는 즉시 그 순간의 스트레스, 정서 상태 및 음주 갈망에 대해 응답하도록 요청되었다. 데이터는 19명을 대상으로 13일간 매일 4회씩 52회 획득되어, 최종적으로 총 988개가 획득되었다. 개인 내 변화를 포함한 다층 구조의 데이터를 HLM(hierarchical linear model: HLM)을 이용하여 분석한 결과, 부정 정서 중 분노와 좌절이 스트레스와 알코올 갈망 간의 관계를 유의하게 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 생태학적 타당도가 높은 경험 표집 연구를 이용하여 스트레스에 의해 유발된 음주와의 관계에서 부정 정서 중 특정 정서의 역할을 제안하였다. 이를 기반으로 음주자 및 알코올 사용자들이 음주 수준을 낮추거나 스트레스에 대처할 수 있는 효과적인 방안이 제안될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
- keywords
- 경험표집법, 알코올 갈망, 스트레스, 정서, Experience sampling method (ESM), alcohol craving, stress, emotion
Abstract
Drinking alcohol to cope with stress and negative emotions, has been repeatedly through previous studies. The purpose of this study was to determine negative emotion mediates the relationship between stress and alcohol craving by using experience sampling method (ESM) to detect instantaneous experiences and emotions in daily life. To expand upon previous studies, the effects of individual emotions (eg, anger, frustration, depression, etc. among negative emotions) were examined. Th study involved 19 males and females age 25-50 who were social drinkers. ESM was used to measure the levels of stress, emotional states, and alcohol craving for the subjects in their daily lives. The questionnaires for ESM were in the form of a web survey, and delivered to the subjects directly through a smartphone four times daily. Subjects were asked to respond to the stress, emotional states and alcohol craving at the moment they received a signal through their smartphone. The data were obtained 52 times, four times daily. For 13 days of surveying 19 subjects, a total of 988 data were obtained. The hierarchical linear model (HLM) of the multi-layered data showed that anger and frustration among negative emotions significantly mediated the relationship between stress and alcohol craving. This study suggests the role of certain negative emotions in relation to stress-induced drinking by using ESM. Based on this, it is expected that an effective way to reduce the level of alcohol consumption or cope with stress for drinkers or individuals with alcohol use disorders can be proposed.
- keywords
- 경험표집법, 알코올 갈망, 스트레스, 정서, Experience sampling method (ESM), alcohol craving, stress, emotion
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