우울에 미치는 우울반응양식의 효과: 남녀차이를 중심으로
The Effects of Depressive Response Styles on the Depression : Sex Differences in Response to Depressed Mood
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초록
대학생을 대상으로 스트레스와 우울간의 관계에 대한 우울반응양식의 효과를 남녀별로 살펴보았다. 연구결과 반추적 반응양식과 주의전환적 반응양식이 우울에 상반되는 영향을 미치는 두 가지 반응양식임이 입증되었고, 자기초점적 반응내에 긍정적인 측면의 반성적 반응양식이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 여자가 남자보다 스트레스를 더 많이 경험하였으나 우울수준에서는 남녀간에 차이가 없었다. 그리고 여자가 남자보다 반추적 반응양식과 주의전환적 반응양식을 더 많이 사용하였으며 남녀 모두에서 반추적 반응양식과 주의전환적 반응양식간에 차이가 없었다. 회귀분석을 통해 스트레스와 우울간의 관계에서 우울반응양식의 상호작용 효과를 살펴본 결과 반추적 반응양식과 주의전환적 반응양식이 우울에 유의미한 영향력이 있음을 알 수 있었으나 예상과 달리 우울반응양식이 스트레스와 상호작용하여 우울에 영향을 미치는 상호작용 효과는 나타나지 않아 중재효과는 관찰되지 않았다. 매개효과를 분석한 결과 반추적 반응양식은 남녀모두에서 스트레스와 우울간의 관계를 간접적으로 매개하고 있는 것으로 나타나 반추적 반응양식이 우울에 중요한 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. 매개효과는 우울증 치료시에 반추적 반응양식에 초점을 두어 치료개입을 하는 것이 효과적이라는 점을 시사하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구와 이후의 연구의 시사점 그리고 본 연구의 제한점이 논의되었다.
- keywords
- stress, depression, ruminative·reflective·distracting response style, moderation effect, mediation effect, stress, depression, ruminative·reflective·distracting response style, moderation effect, mediation effect, 스트레스, 우울, 반성적·반추적·주의전환적 반응양식, 중재효과, 매개효과
Abstract
This study examined the effect of depressive response styles on the relation of stress and depression with male and female college students. The results confirmed that ruminative and distracting response styles were important factors which had contrasting influences on the depression. There was a reflective response style that had positive aspects within self-focused response. Female college students had more stress and were more likely to engage in ruminative and distracting response than male, but there was no sex difference in depressive levels. However there was no difference between ruminative and distracting response style in both male and female students. Regression analyses showed that ruminative and distracting styles of response to depressed mood had significant effect on depression, but unexpectedly moderation effects computed by interaction effects of stress and depressive response style were not found. Mediation effect analyses indicated that ruminative response style mediated indirectly the relation of stress and depression in male and female students and ruminative response style had very important effect on depression. This mediation effect suggested that intervention would be effective if it is focused on ruminative response style. Finally, suggestions for present and future study and the limitations of present study were discussed.
- keywords
- stress, depression, ruminative·reflective·distracting response style, moderation effect, mediation effect, stress, depression, ruminative·reflective·distracting response style, moderation effect, mediation effect, 스트레스, 우울, 반성적·반추적·주의전환적 반응양식, 중재효과, 매개효과
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