ISSN : 1229-0653
본 연구는 범죄 용의자의 거짓말을 탐지하는 데 효과적인 비언어적 단서들을 찾아보고, 외국의 연구결과에서 나타난 비언어적 탐지 단서들과 어떤 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 실험은 대학생 51명을 대상으로 중간고사 시험동안 컨닝을 하도록 유도하였고, 그 다음 개별적으로 컨닝여부와 컨닝관련과 관련된 6개의 질문을 하였다. 각 질문에 대한 반응들을 거짓말 반응과 진실 반응으로 분류하여, 거짓말을 할 때 나타나는 비언어적 단서들의 평균 빈도수와 진실을 말할 때 나타나는 비언어적 단서의 평균 빈도수를 산출하여 이들을 비교하였다. 비교한 비언어적 단서들은 다음과 같다: 대답지연시간, 언어혼란(높은 목소리 톤, 말 주저, 말 실수, 잠시멈춤 빈도), 안면동작(시선회피, 웃음, 얼굴만짐, 눈깜박임, 혀굴림), 몸동작(부연설명동작, 손/손가락 움직임, 발/다리 움직임, 머리움직임, 몸움직임, 자세바꾸기). 그 결과, 진실을 말할 때와 비교하여 거짓말을 할 때 높은 목소리 톤, 말주저, 웃음, 그리고 몸 움직임 등이 더 많이 나타났고, 눈깜박임과 부연설명 동작은 더 적게 나타났다. 거짓말을 할 때 말 주저, 몸움직임, 높은 목소리 톤 등이 늘어나고, 부연설명동작이 줄어든다는 본 연구의 결과는 기존의 외국 연구결과들과 일치하였고, 기존의 다른 연구들에서 유의미하게 나타나지 않았던 눈깜박임과 같은 비언어적 행동이 거짓말을 할 때 더 적게 나타나는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 한편, 웃음은 기존 외국 연구에서는 거짓말을 할 때 더 줄어드는 것으로 나타났으나, 본 연구는 정반대로 더 많아지는 것으로 나타났다.
We examined the effective nonverbal cues of detecting lies of suspect and compared this findings and previous findings. 51 university students participated in a study about cheating an exam and they were asked 6 questions about the exam individually. After separating lie and truth responses of each questions, we compared the mean frequency of nonverbal behaviors when they were telling a truth and a lie. The following behaviors were coded: latency period, vocal characteristics(high pitch of voice, speech hesitations, speech error, frequency of pauses), facial characteristics(gaze, smile, touching face, blinking, tongue), Movements(illustrators, hand and finger movement, leg and foot movement, head movement, trunk movement, shifting position). While lying, they showed more high pitch of voice, speech hesitation, smile and trunk movement, less blinking and illustrators. This finding, such as more speech hesitation, trunk movement, high pitch of voice and less illustrate when they lied, supports previous findings and also showed less blink when they lied even though previous finding didn't showed. However, this finding showed more smile while the previous findings showed less smile when they lied
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