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ISSN : 1229-0653

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Vol.26 No.2
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성취-흥미 목표점화를 통한 자발적 과제선택의 무의식적 조절

Unconscious Control of Voluntary Task Choice Through Achievement-Goal VS. Fun-Goal Priming

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2012, v.26 no.2, pp.1-14
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2012.26.2.001
신홍임 (연세대학교)
김민식 (연세대학교)
신홍임, & 김민식. (2012). 성취-흥미 목표점화를 통한 자발적 과제선택의 무의식적 조절. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 26(2), 1-14, https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2012.26.2.001
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초록

자발적 과제전환 패러다임은 다양한 과제수행의 상황에서 참가자의 자유로운 과제선택행동을 분석하는데 유용한 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 자발적 과제전환 패러다임을 토대로 목표의 무의식적인 활성화가 한 개인이 일상적으로 추구하는 동기와의 상호작용속에서 과제들간의 전환손실과 과제선택행동에 어떤 영향을 주는지를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 실험에서는 참가자에게 그림과제를 통해 성취목표 또는 흥미목표를 점화한 후, 난이도가 다른 과제를 자발적으로 선택하며 수행하도록 했다. 그 결과, 성취목표점화조건에서 흥미목표점화조건보다 오답율의 전환손실이 더 적게 나타났으며, 일상적으로 성취목표를 추구하는 경향이 높은 참가자들에게 성취목표가 점화되었을 때, 쉬운 과제로의 편향이 나타났다. 이 결과는 과제전환의 상황에서 외부환경의 목표점화를 통해 의식적인 과제선택행동에 무의식적으로 영향을 줄 수 있는 가능성과 과제전환손실과 과제선택행동의 개인차변인으로서 목표 및 동기의 중요성을 시사하고 있다. 논의에서는 과제선택행동과 인지적 조절과정에 무의식적으로 영향을 줄 수 있는 변인들에 대한 후속연구의 방향을 다루었다.

keywords
goal priming, task choice, switch costs, cognitive control, achievement goal, fun goal, 목표점화, 과제선택, 과제전환손실, 인지적 조절, 성취목표, 흥미목표

Abstract

The voluntary task switching paradigm is a helpful method to explore task choice behaviors. Using a voluntary task switching paradigm, we examined whether the unconscious pursuit of goals has an impact on switch costs and task choice behavior. At the beginning of the experimental session, participants were randomly assigned to an achievement goal or a fun goal priming condition. The priming manipulation was carried out through a picture-search task. After that, number tasks were presented, and the participants had to choose voluntarily just one of the two numbers, which were always simultaneously presented in Korean (easy task) and in German (difficult task), to judge the magnitude (relative to 5). The results showed that switch costs in error rates were higher in the fun goal priming than in the achievement goal priming. More importantly, the easy task was more often preferred in the achievement goal priming condition than in the fun goal priming condition, while this task choice bias increased among people with chronically high-achievement motivation. Implications of the outcomes for cognitive flexibility in task switching are discussed.

keywords
goal priming, task choice, switch costs, cognitive control, achievement goal, fun goal, 목표점화, 과제선택, 과제전환손실, 인지적 조절, 성취목표, 흥미목표

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