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ISSN : 1229-0653

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Vol.26 No.2
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개인적 특성이 위험감수 의사결정에 미치는 영향: 지각된 이득과 지각된 손실의 매개효과를 중심으로

The Effect of Individual Traits on Risk-taking Decision-making: The Mediating Role of Perceived Benefits and Perceived Costs

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2012, v.26 no.2, pp.51-67
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2012.26.2.004
박소영 (연세대학교)
정은경 (백석대학교)
손영우 (연세대학교)
박소영, 정은경, & 손영우. (2012). 개인적 특성이 위험감수 의사결정에 미치는 영향: 지각된 이득과 지각된 손실의 매개효과를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 26(2), 51-67, https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2012.26.2.004
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초록

본 연구에서는 개인적 특성(구조화욕구, 인지욕구)이 위험감수 의사결정에 미치는 영향과 더불어 지각된 이득과 지각된 손실의 매개효과를 살펴보았다. 연구 1에서는 일상생활에서 접할 수 있는 위험감수 상황을 영역 별로 제시하였다. 연구 1의 결과에 의하면 구조화욕구가 인지욕구보다 위험감수 의사결정과 더 높은 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났으며, 지각된 이득의 매개효과가 지각된 손실의 매개효과보다 더 일관되게 나타났다. 연구 2에서는 틀 조건에서도 지각된 이득의 매개효과가 지각된 손실의 매개효과보다 더 일관되게 나타나는지 알아보기 위해, 정책결정 상황을 긍정 틀(이득 강조)과 부정 틀(손실 강조)로 나누어 제시하였다. 그 결과, 부정 틀에서만 구조화욕구가 지각된 이득을 통해 정책결정에 영향을 미쳤으며, 구조화욕구가 정책결정에 미치는 영향이 틀에 의해 유의미하게 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 의사결정에서 지각된 이득이 지각된 손실보다 더 중요한 역할을 한다는 것과 더불어, 영역과 과제 제시 방법이 의사결정에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보여주었다.

keywords
위험감수 의사결정, 구조화욕구, 인지욕구, 지각된 이득, 지각된 손실, 틀 효과, risk-taking decision-making, need for structure, need for cognition, perceived benefits, perceived costs, framing effect

Abstract

This paper proposes the relationship between individual trait and risk-taking decision-making and how perceived benefits and perceived costs would mediate the relationship. Risk-taking tasks were presented in domain-specific daily life situations in study 1. As the results of study 1, need for structure had a higher correlation with risk-taking decision-making in general and domain-specific than need for cognition did. Moreover, the mediation effect of perceived benefits was more consistent than that of perceived costs. To investigate if perceived benefits work more strongly than perceived costs even in framing condition, decision-making scenarios about policy issues were presented in positive(benefits focused) or negative framing(costs focused) in study 2. Need for structure influenced a decision on policy through perceived benefits in negative framing at the .07 level, and the interaction effect of need for structure and framing was significant. This paper implies that perceiving benefits would be more crucial than perceiving costs in risk-taking decision-making, and furthermore, decision could be made differently according to decision-making tasks and how they are presented.

keywords
위험감수 의사결정, 구조화욕구, 인지욕구, 지각된 이득, 지각된 손실, 틀 효과, risk-taking decision-making, need for structure, need for cognition, perceived benefits, perceived costs, framing effect

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