ISSN : 1229-0653
정서 및 자존감의 수준과 불안정성이 우울 및 신경증과 관련된다는 것은 그간 여러 연구들에 의해 지지되어 왔다. 그러나 정서와 자존감에서의 개인차와 우울성향 또는 신경증 성향의 관계를 탐색한 대부분의 연구들은 주로 전반적 수준과 불안정성의 개인차 중 어느 한 측면에만 주목하여 왔다. 본 연구는 정서와 자존감의 전반적 수준에서의 개인차와 불안정성에서의 개인차를 구분하고 이 개인차들이 심리적 적응과 어떻게 관련되는지를 종합적으로 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 일상생활에서 경험하는 상태 정서와 상태 자존감에 대한 응답을 경험표집법을 이용하여 수집한 후, 상태 측정치의 전반적 수준과 불안정성이 우울 성향 및 신경증 성향과 어떻게 관련되는지를 다층모형을 이용하여 확인하였다. 연구 결과 우울 성향은 일상생활에서 경험하는 정서의 수준보다는 정적 정서와 부적 정서 경험의 불안정성과 더 높은 관련성을 보였고 자존감의 수준 및 변산성과는 모두 관련성을 보였다. 또한 신경증 성향을 특징짓는 핵심적 요소는 불안정성, 그중에서도 특히 부적 정서와 자존감의 변산성이라는 것을 강하게 시사하였다. 이와 같은 결과는 시간에 따른 역동적 과정의 다양한 측면을 통합적으로 고려하고 적절한 분석 절차를 적용하여 도출되었다는 점에서 의의를 가진다.
The fact that the level and instability of emotions and self-esteem are related to depression and neuroticism has long been supported by many studies. However, most studies exploring the relationship between individual differences in emotion and self-esteem and depression or neuroticism have focused on either levels or instability of emotions and self-esteem. The purpose of this study was to distinguish individual differences in instability from those in levels of emotions and self-esteem, and to understand how these individual differences are related to individual differences in psychological adjustment. For this purpose, we used experience sampling method to collect the state emotions and state self-esteem experienced in daily life. Multilevel modeling was then applied to determine how the overall level and instability of the state measures relate to depressive symptoms and neuroticism. The results showed that the depressive symptoms were more related to instability than to levels of emotional experience in daily life. Low and more variable self-esteem was also related to the depressive symptoms. The results also suggested that the key factor that characterizes the neuroticism is the instability of negative emotion and self-esteem. These results are informative in that various aspects of the dynamic process over time were considered and appropriate analytic procedures were applied.
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