Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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ISSN : 1229-0653
The Relationship among Grit, Optimism and Affective-Cognitive Responses in the Repeated Failure Situation
Abstract
Gritty people persist in spite of obstacles and do not easily give up. Optimistic people are also known to cope well when encountered with difficult or stressful situations. This study investigated how those people can persist despite setbacks by examining their responses to failure. Korean undergraduate students (N = 110) participated in this study. After making participants experience repeated failures, we examined the relationship among grit, optimism and their responses after failure including affective state and future performance expectation. Multiple regression analyses revealed that grit predicted anxiety negatively, and optimism significantly predicted overall affective states. In contrast, future performance expectation was significantly predicted only by grit, but not by optimism. Specifically, those with high perseverance of effort showed high future performance expectation despite of failures. The other sub-factor of grit, consistency of interest did not predict future performance expectation. It seems that even though people with high perseverance experience some negative emotion in the face of failure, they hold more positive expectation for their future performance and are less afraid of failure. Optimistic people did not hold positive beliefs for their future performance after failures, but they appeared to experience relatively higher positive affect and lower negative affect after failure. The results suggest that grit and optimism predict the responses to failure in different ways.
- keywords
- Grit, Optimism, Failure experience, Affective state after failures, Future performance expectation., 끈기(Grit), 낙관성, 실패 경험, 실패 경험 후 정서반응, 미래 성공에 대한 기대
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