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  • 한국과학기술정보연구원(KISTI) 서울분원 대회의실(별관 3층)
  • 2024년 07월 03일(수) 13:30
 

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반복된 실패 상황에서 끈기(Grit), 낙관성, 정서 및 인지 반응 간의 관계

The Relationship among Grit, Optimism and Affective-Cognitive Responses in the Repeated Failure Situation

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2017, v.31 no.4, pp.79-102
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2017.31.4.004
안다휘 (연세대학교)
이희승 (연세대학교)
  • 다운로드 수
  • 조회수

초록

끈기(Grit)가 높은 사람들은 고난과 역경 속에서도 포기하지 않으며, 사회의 여러 방면에서 성취를 이뤄낸다. 낙관적인 사람들 또한 힘들거나 어려운 상황을 잘 극복해내는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 그들이 어떻게 힘든 상황을 잘 이겨낼 수 있는지 알아보기 위해 실패 상황을 유발한 후, 이들이 보이는 정서 반응과 인지적 반응을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 대학생들(N=110)을 대상으로 풀 수 없는 과제를 통해 반복적으로 실패를 경험하게 한 후, 끈기 및 낙관성 수준에 따라 실패 이후의 정서반응과 미래 성공에 대한 기대가 어떻게 달라지는지 살펴보았다. 중다회귀 분석 결과, 끈기는 실패 후 불안함만을 유의하게 예측하였으나 낙관성은 모든 정서반응을 유의하게 예측하였다. 반면, 미래 성공에 대한 기대는 낙관성이 아닌 끈기에 의해서만 유의하게 예측되었으며, 끈기의 하위요인인 ‘노력의 꾸준함’이 높을수록 실패 이후에도 미래 성공에 대해 더 높은 기대를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 끈기의 다른 하위요인인 ‘관심의 일관성’은 미래 성공에 대한 기대를 유의하게 예측하지 못하였다. 즉, 끈기가 높은 사람들은 실패 후에 일부 부정 정서를 느끼나, 실패로 인한 불안감은 덜 경험하며 자신의 수행능력에 대한 믿음을 잃지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 낙관적인 사람들은 실패 후에 미래 수행에 대한 믿음을 유지하는 것은 아니었으나, 그렇지 않은 사람들에 비해 상대적으로 높은 긍정 정서 및 낮은 부정 정서를 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 끈기와 낙관성이 실패 상황의 반응에 서로 다른 방식으로 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

keywords
Grit, Optimism, Failure experience, Affective state after failures, Future performance expectation., 끈기(Grit), 낙관성, 실패 경험, 실패 경험 후 정서반응, 미래 성공에 대한 기대

Abstract

Gritty people persist in spite of obstacles and do not easily give up. Optimistic people are also known to cope well when encountered with difficult or stressful situations. This study investigated how those people can persist despite setbacks by examining their responses to failure. Korean undergraduate students (N = 110) participated in this study. After making participants experience repeated failures, we examined the relationship among grit, optimism and their responses after failure including affective state and future performance expectation. Multiple regression analyses revealed that grit predicted anxiety negatively, and optimism significantly predicted overall affective states. In contrast, future performance expectation was significantly predicted only by grit, but not by optimism. Specifically, those with high perseverance of effort showed high future performance expectation despite of failures. The other sub-factor of grit, consistency of interest did not predict future performance expectation. It seems that even though people with high perseverance experience some negative emotion in the face of failure, they hold more positive expectation for their future performance and are less afraid of failure. Optimistic people did not hold positive beliefs for their future performance after failures, but they appeared to experience relatively higher positive affect and lower negative affect after failure. The results suggest that grit and optimism predict the responses to failure in different ways.

keywords
Grit, Optimism, Failure experience, Affective state after failures, Future performance expectation., 끈기(Grit), 낙관성, 실패 경험, 실패 경험 후 정서반응, 미래 성공에 대한 기대

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한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격