Construal Level and Punishment: Focusing on Temporal Distance

본 연구는 시간적 거리에 따른 심리적 거리가 양형판단에 영향을 미치는지 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 대학생을 대상(127명)으로 시간적 거리가 다른 두(가까운 과거/먼 과거) 범죄 시나리오를 제공하고 가해자에 대한 처벌 판단을 하도록 하였다(연구 1). 그 결과 사람들은 시간적으로 멀리 있는 사건에 대해 더 강한 양형판단을 한 것으로 나타났다. 즉 현시점으로부터 먼 과거에 일어났던 사건들에 대해 사람들은 더 무거운 양형을 부과하였다. 추가적으로 시간적 거리와 양형인자에 따라 양형판단이 어떻게 달라지는가를 밝히고자 하였다(연구 2). 즉, 시간적 거리에 따라 나누어진 범죄 시나리오에 양형판단에 있어 감경요인 혹은 가중요인이 될 수 있는 원인에 대한 기술을 추가적으로 설정하였다. 그 결과 시간적 거리와 양형인자(감경요인, 가중요인)와 시간적 거리(가까운 과거 조건, 먼 과거 조건)의 주효과가 나타났고, 양형인자와 시간적 거리간의 상호작용 효과가 통계적으로 유의미하였다. 즉 보복을 목적으로 범죄를 저질러 가중처벌이 되는 조건에서 시간적 거리가 멀다고 느낀 집단이 시간적 거리가 가깝다고 느낀 집단보다 더 무거운 양형을 부과하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점이 논의되었다.

keywords: 해석수준이론, 심리적 거리, 시간적 거리, 양형인자, 처벌, Construal level theory, Psychological distance, Temporal distance, Sentencing Factor, Punishment

Abstract

This study aims to investigate differences in sentencing depending on temporal distance. Participants (127 college students) were asked to read crime scenarios and respond to questionnaires. In Study 1, the participants were randomly assigned to one of two different temporal distance(proximal/distal) conditions. They read the crime scenario and were asked to make a sentencing judgment. The results showed that the participants who were assigned to the distal condition generally gave a longer sentence than the participants in the proximal condition. Study 2 was conducted to find out the effect of temporal distance on sentencing when the sentencing factor was provided. The participants were randomly assigned to four different conditions by the temporal distance(distal/proximal) and the sentencing factor(mitigating/aggravating) and read a crime scenario to make a sentencing decision. The results turned out that there were the main effects of the sentencing factor and the temporal distance. Also, the interaction effect between the factors was significant. In the aggravating condition where the cause of crime was retaliation, the participants sentenced longer when the crime was distant than near. The limitations of the study and the suggestions for further research are discussed.

keywords: 해석수준이론, 심리적 거리, 시간적 거리, 양형인자, 처벌, Construal level theory, Psychological distance, Temporal distance, Sentencing Factor, Punishment

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논문 상세

Vol.32 No.4

심리적 거리와 처벌 판단: 시간적 거리를 중심으로

Construal Level and Punishment: Focusing on Temporal Distance

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격