Abstract

The concepts of modesty and humility have been confusing in many studies. Measures developed to assess modesty have not distinguished between the two concepts. This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the Modest Response Scale (MRS) developed by Whetstone, Okun, and Cialdini(1992). A total of 661 participants conducted the survey, and the data of 320 participants were used for analysis. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis on half of the randomly selected data and confirmatory factor analysis with the remaining half for cross-validation verification. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, K-MRS had a 19-item three-factor structure (inclination toward interpersonal modesty, social desirability, and attitude of humility), excluding one item that did not attain the set factor load. According to the confirmatory factor analysis results, the three-factor model showed good model fit and had suitable reliability. The convergent, discriminant and criterion validity of K-MRS was confirmed by correlation analysis with the HEXACO honesty/humility scale, the fear of positive evaluation scale. The K-MRS showed a significant positive correlation with HEXACO Humility Scale, but no significant correlation was found with HEXACO Honesty score. It also showed a significant positive correlation with the fear of positive evaluation scale. Our findings suggest that the concepts of modesty and humility have different meanings.