도박행동의 자기조절모형: 상식모형의 확장
Self-regulation model of gambling behavior: The extension of common-sense model
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초록
도박을 엄밀하게 정의하고 도박행동에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 공중건강의 관점에서 정리해 보았다. 관련 전문가들 사이의 의사소통의 효율성을 높이기 위한 도박문제의 정의를 시도해 보았으며, 도박문제의 핵심을 도박중독이나 병적 도박자의 발생으로 보고 이를 설명하는 중독증후군모형과 경로모형을 소개했다. 도박중독의 핵심을 도박행동에 대한 자기조절과 통제력 상실로 가정하고 자기조절이 상실되는 과정을 설명할 수 있는 기존의 자기조절이론들을 기술했으며, 건강과 질병에 관한 자기조절의 상식모형이 도박행동의 자기조절에도 적용될 수 있는가를 검토해 보았다. 도박문제를 경험하고 있거나 경험한 적이 있는 도박자들을 대상으로 한 심층면접이나 도박과 관련되는 다양한 이해관계 당사자들의 도박중독에 관한 인지적 표상내용을 분석해 본 결과, 상식모형은 도박행동의 자기조절에도 잘 적용될 수 있다고 결론내릴 수 있었다. 한국인 표본을 대상으로 한 실증연구 결과와 도박 상황의 특성을 고려해서 도박행동에 관한 상식모형을 구성해 보았다. 끝으로 본 연구에서 구성한 상식모형을 바탕으로 자기조절의 관점에서 도박행동이나 도박문제를 접근할 때 고려해야 할 중요한 도전과제에 대해 논의했다.
- keywords
- gambling behavior, addiction, self-regulation, common-sense model, representation, 도박행동, 중독, 자기조절, 상식모형, 표상
Abstract
An attempt, defining gambling precisely, was made and perspectives of the public health was adopted in order to classify the factors that influence gambling behaviors. It was discussed about how to define gambling problem to improve the efficiencies of communication between stakeholders. The loss of self-regulation or control on gambling behavior was supposed to be the key factor of the addictive(or pathological) gambling. Theories of self-regulation were reviewed and discussed in relation to the applicability to the assessment and intervention for pathological gamblers. The common-sense model for health and illness of Leventhal et al.(2003) and Cameron(2003, 2004) was adopted as a frame of reference to develop the self-regulation model for gambling behavior. Results of depth interview for pathological gamblers and GA members were fitted with common-sense model. And contents(identity, timeline, cause, consequence, and cure/control) of the representations about gambling addiction of pathological gamblers, social gamblers, addictive gambler's family members, employees of gambling venue, and normal group supported the applicability of common-sense model for gambling behavior. A common-sense self-regulation model for gambling behavior was suggested and discussed in relation with future challenges.
- keywords
- gambling behavior, addiction, self-regulation, common-sense model, representation, 도박행동, 중독, 자기조절, 상식모형, 표상
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