아동의 자기보고 우울과 불안의 예측요인-인구통계학적 변인과 부모의 행동평가를 통한
Predictors of Self-Reported Depression and Anxiety in 9-12-year-old Korean Children
신윤미 (아주대학교)
박정희 (서강대학교 경영학과)
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초록
본 연구는 초등학교 4-6학년 아동의 우울 및 불안의 정도가 부모가 보고하는 아동 행동 및 정서문제 중 어떤 요인에 의해 잘 예측되는지, 인구통계학적 변인에 의해서도 예측가능한지 알아보기 위해 이루어졌다. 아동의 우울 및 불안 정도를 알아보기 위해 자기보고 질문지인 아동용 우울척도(CDI)와 아동용 불안척도(RCMAS)를 사용하였고, 부모가 작성한 아동행동조사표(K-CBCL)를 토대로 다양한 외현화, 내재화 문제의 척도 점수를 산출하였다. CDI, RCMAS 결과를 토대로 고 위험 집단을 분류하였고 그 결과 우울의 고위험 집단은 5.9%, 불안의 고위험 집단은 3.2%로 확인되었다. 고위험 집단과 정상집단간 K-CBCL 소척도 점수를 비교한 결과 모든 척도에서 의미 있는 차이를 보여 우울 및 불안수준이 높은 집단이 내재화 문제뿐 아니라 외현화문제의 정도도 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 로지스틱 회귀분석결과 우울은 아동의 연령과 가족구조, K-CBCL의 총문제 점수가 예측요인으로 확인된 반면 불안은 인구통계학적 변인 중에서는 유의미한 예측요인이 확인되지 않았고 K-CBCL 척도 중 우울/불안, 사고 문제, 정서불안이 의미 있는 예측요인으로 확인되었다. 이런 결과는 우울과 불안이 별개의 장애이며 발현시기도 다를 가능성을 높고, 따라서 예방 및 조기개입을 위해서는 각 장애의 특징과 예측요인들을 정확하게 파악하는 것이 중요함을 시사하는 것이다.
- keywords
- 아동우울, 아동불안, 예측요인, childhood depression, children's anxiety, predictor, childhood depression, children's anxiety, predictor
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between behavior problem reported by parents, the level of depression and anxiety in 1,518 Korean children aged 9-12 years. The K-CBCL(Child Behavior Checklist) was requested from the parents in order to investigate reported behavioral problems of a community sample of children. To assess the level of depression and anxiety the Korean version of the Children's Depression Inventory(CDI) and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) was used. The depression and anxiety score measured by the self-report was analyzed and children scored higher than 10%ile based on early investigators data was identified as high risk group. As a result of F-test, internalizing problems, externalizing problems, total behavior problems, and all subscales in K-CBCL revealed significant mean difference between high risk and normal group. And the results of logistic regression analysis shows that the level of depression was predicted by age, family structure and total behavior problems score whereas the level of anxiety was predicted by anxious/depressed, thought problems, and emotional lability scale. In conclusion, it is inferred that childhood depression is different from children's anxiety in many aspects, and clinicians have to consider a child's self report regarding depression or anxiety disorder in addition to multiple psychosocial factors as important information for diagnosis and intervention.
- keywords
- 아동우울, 아동불안, 예측요인, childhood depression, children's anxiety, predictor, childhood depression, children's anxiety, predictor
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