한국 대학생의 수면양상, 일주기성 유형 및 우울수준 간의 관계에 대한 예비연구
The Preliminary Study of Sleep Patterns, Circadian Typology and Depression Level in Korean College Students
송혜수 (포항공과대학교)
연미영 (강원대학교)
초록
본 연구에서는 한국 대학생의 주중과 주말의 취침 및 기상시각, 수면잠재시간, 수면 양을 조사하고, 일주기성 유형과 우울수준에 따른 수면양상의 차이를 조사하였다. 서울, 인천, 춘천 지역 대학생 916명(남: 449, 여: 465, 무반응: 2)에게 설문지 배터리(우울척도, 일주기성 유형척도, 수면의 질 척도 및 수면습관 항목 포함)를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 주중의 취침시각은 새벽 1시 1분, 기상시각은 아침 7시 51분이었고, 잠자리에 든 후 잠드는 시간인 수면잠재시간은 21분이며, 수면 양은 6.47시간이었다. 주말의 취침시각은 주중보다 36분, 기상시각은 2시간 9분 늦어져서 수면 양은 1.52시간 늘어났다. 수면 양상에서 학년 간에 차이가 있었다. 주중의 수면양상에서는 1학년의 수면잠재시간이 가장 짧고, 4학년의 수면 양이 가장 적었다. 주말의 수면양상에서는 1학년의 기상시각이 4학년보다 늦었고, 1학년의 수면잠재시간이 4학년보다 짧았다. 일주기성 유형에서 저녁활동형일수록 주중 및 주말의 수면잠재시간이 길고, 수면의 질은 떨어지며, 우울수준은 높았다. 우울과 수면양상 간의 관계에서 성별 및 일주기성 유형을 통제한 후에는 주중 및 주말의 취침과 기상시각은 우울과 유의미한 상관을 보이지 않았다. 그러나 우울수준이 높을수록 주중 및 주말의 수면잠재시간은 길었고, 주중의 수면 양이 적었으며, 수면의 질은 떨어졌다. 이상의 결과를 다음과 같은 측면에서 논의하였다. 첫째, 수면 부족은 정신적, 신체적 문제를 비롯하여 여러 가지 적응문제의 원인이 될 수 있다. 둘째, 주말 수면 양의 증가는 개인의 생물학적 수면-각성주기와 사회, 환경적 요구에 따른 취침-기상시각 간의 괴리를 반영한 것일 수 있다. 따라서 이 두 주기의 조율은 수면건강에서 중요하다.
- keywords
- sleep patterns of Korean college students, sleep-wake cycle, sleep quality, depression, circadian typology., sleep patterns of Korean college students, sleep-wake cycle, sleep quality, depression, circadian typology., 한국 대학생의 수면양상, 수면-각성주기, 수면의 질, 우울, 일주기성 유형
Abstract
Korean college students' sleep patterns (such as bedtime, wake-up time, sleep duration, sleep latency on weekdays and weekends), sleep quality, circadian typology and depression level were examined. Survey was conducted to 916(male: 449, female: 465, no response: 2) college students at universities in Seoul, Incheon and Chuncheon. The average sleep patterns of Korean college students were as follows: On weekdays, their bed time, wake-up time, sleep latency and sleep duration were 1:01 AM, 7:51 AM, 21minutes, 6.47 hours, respectively. On weekends, they went to bed 36 minutes later, woke up 2 hours and 9 minutes later, and slept 1.52 hours longer. There were grade effects in sleep latency and sleep duration of both weekdays and weekends. Freshmen showed the shortest sleep latency and senior the short sleep duration, on weekdays, and freshmen's wake-up time was later and sleep latency was shorter than senior's on weekends. Evening type showed longer sleep latency on both weekdays and weekends, and showed poorer sleep quality and higher depression level. The relations of bedtime and wake-up time of both weekdays and weekends were not significant after adjusting sex and circadian typology. However, the higher level of depression showed longer sleep latencies on both weekdays and weekends, showed shorter sleep durations on weekdays, and poorer sleep quality. The results were discussed in relation to the effects of insufficient sleep on physical/psychological health and adjustments, and also in relation to the ways to improve sleep hygiene concerning sleep patterns and circadian typology, such as minimizing the discrepancy between the biological circadian rhythm and the social/environmental demands on sleep/wake schedules.
- keywords
- sleep patterns of Korean college students, sleep-wake cycle, sleep quality, depression, circadian typology., sleep patterns of Korean college students, sleep-wake cycle, sleep quality, depression, circadian typology., 한국 대학생의 수면양상, 수면-각성주기, 수면의 질, 우울, 일주기성 유형
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