This study tested Becker, Maiman, Heafner's(1977) health behavior model(HBM) and Ajzen's(1991) the theory of planned behavior(TPB) and explored an alternative model which accounts for breast cancer screening behavior. The data was collected from 514 female test subjects from the National Cancer Screening Program(NCSP) in J city. The main results were as follows. The Fitness of HBM was not satisfactory, however all path coefficients including perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, health motivation and cue to action demonstrates a strong relationship that predicts breast cancer screening behavior. In the case of TPB, the fitness was good but attitude and subjective norm did not significantly predict breast cancer screening behavior. Although perceived behavior control did not explain the direct path to behavior, it was significant to predict intention. Intention showed a significant path towards explaining breast cancer screening behavior. An alternative model was suggested by combined the model adding TPB to perceived barrier of HBM. The Fitness of this model was acceptable and the significant variables that explain intention are perceived barrier and perceived-behavior control. Breast cancer screening behavior was only predicted by intention in this model. From the result of comparing models, this study shows that TPB was relatively better. Finally, the limitation of this study and the implications for future studies were discussed.
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