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성인애착과 실연 스트레스 및 실연 후 성장의 관계: 자기가치감 수반성의 조절효과

The Relationships among Adult Attachment, Breakup Distress and Growth

한국심리학회지: 건강 / The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, (P)1229-070X; (E)2713-9581
2014, v.19 no.1, pp.321-351
https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2014.19.1.018
임지준 (가톨릭대학교 부천성모병원)
권석만 (서울대학교)

초록

본 연구는 실연한 사람의 어떤 특성이 실연 스트레스와 실연 후 성장을 감소시키거나 증가시키는지에 관심을 가졌다. 연구에 포함된 다양한 변인 중 성인애착에 초점을 맞추어서, 애착불안과 애착회피의 성인애착 두 차원과 실연 스트레스 및 실연 후 성장과의 관계를 살펴보았으며, 실연 스트레스와 실연 후 성장의 관계에 대해 알아보았다. 이를 위해 성인애착의 두 차원, 실연 스트레스, 실연 후 성장의 세 변인 사이에서 선행연구들에 기초해 가장 유력하게 예측된 경로를 갖는 연구모형을 상정하고, 또한 선행연구에 기초해 가능한 경로들을 갖는 다양한 대안모형들을 상정하여 구조방정식 모형검증으로 가장 적합한 모형을 확인하였다. 이에 따라 가장 적합한 경로모형이 채택되었고, 이 모형의 성인애착이 실연 스트레스와 실연 후 성장에 영향을 미치는 경로에서 자기가치감 수반성의 조절효과를 확인하였다. 이를 위해 현 시점으로 부터 6개월 이내에 실연경험이 있는 233명(남 123명, 여 110명)의 자료를 사용하여 분석하였고 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성인애착의 애착불안 차원이 실연 스트레스에 유의미한 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나, 애착불안 수준이 높을수록 더 심각한 실연 스트레스 증상을 갖게 됨을 보여 주었다. 둘째, 성인애착의 애착회피 차원이 실연 후 성장에 유의미한 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나, 애착회피 수준이 높을수록 실연 후 성장이 발생하기 어렵게 됨을 보여주었다. 셋째, 실연 스트레스와 실연 후 성장은 상호관련이 없는 독립적인 변인으로 나타났다. 넷째, 애착불안과 자기가치감 타인승인 수반성이 상호작용하여 실연 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 나타난 결과에 대한 이론적 논의와 임상 실제에 대한 시사점을 기술하였다.

keywords
실연 스트레스, 실연 후 성장, 애착불안, 애착회피, 자기가치감 수반성, Breakup Distress, Growth, Adult Attachment, Contingencies of Self-Worth

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among adult attachment according to two dimensions (attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance), breakup distress and growth following dissolutions of romantic relationship. For this purpose, the research model and alternative models with various paths among attachment dimensions, together with the breakup distress and growth was set and they were further tested on whether the research model was the best fit by using structural equation modeling. The second purpose of this study is to verify whether contingencies of self-worth (CSW) has moderating effects between adult attachment and breakup distress, upon the research model comparing adult attachment and growth. 1,524 university students responded to the survey and data of 233 students experienced breakups within 6 months were used for statistic analysis. The results were as follows: First, it was shown that attachment anxiety positively affects breakup distress, meaning that the higher the level of attachment anxiety, the higher the breakup distress. Second, it was shown that attachment avoidance negatively affects growth, indicating that attachment avoidance hinders growth. Third, the relationship between breakup distress and growth was identified to be independent. Fourth, others’ approvals of CSW moderated the relationships between attachment anxiety and breakup distress. Theoretical and clinical implications as well as the limitations were discussed.

keywords
실연 스트레스, 실연 후 성장, 애착불안, 애착회피, 자기가치감 수반성, Breakup Distress, Growth, Adult Attachment, Contingencies of Self-Worth

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