불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 지각된 부모의 과보호가 불안에 미치는 영향: 과도한 재확인 추구의 매개효과
Effects of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Perceived Parental Overprotection on Anxiety: Excessive Reassurance Seeking as a Mediator
장혜인 (성균관대학교)
초록
본 연구는 자녀의 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 지각된 부모의 과보호가 자녀의 불안에 미치는 영향에서 과도한 재확인 추구(excessive reassurance seeking: ERS)의 매개효과를 검증함으로써 불안이 발달하는 경로를 확인하였다. 선행연구에서는 ERS가 불안이 아닌 우울과만 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 이는 우울과 연관된 ERS만을 측정했기 때문에 나타난 결과일 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우울 관련 ERS 뿐만 아니라 보다 다양한 상황에서 나타나는 ERS를 포괄적으로 측정하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 본 연구에는 대학생 280명(남성 146명, 여성 134명)이 참여하여 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족, 지각된 부모의 과보호, ERS, 불안 및 우울에 대해 자기보고로 평정하였다. 회귀분석 결과, 우울 관련 ERS는 우울을 통제하였을 때 자녀의 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 지각된 부모의 과보호가 불안에 영향을 미치는 경로에서 매개효과를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 여러 상황을 포괄하는 ERS는 우울을 통제한 후에도 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 지각된 부모의 과보호가 자녀의 불안에 영향을 미치는 경로에서 유의한 매개효과를 보였다. 이를 통해 선행연구가 부족하였던 ERS와 불안의 관련성을 확인하였으며, 자녀가 불확실성에 대한 인내력이 부족하고 부모로부터 과보호적인 양육을 받았다고 지각할수록 다른 사람에게 지속적으로 확인을 요구하여 불안이 높아진다는 점을 밝혀내었다. 본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 하였으므로 불안장애 고위험집단에서도 동일한 기제에 따라 불안이 나타난다고 간주하기 어렵다는 한계가 있으나, 다양한 ERS 척도를 사용하여 불안과의 관련성을 검증하였다는 점에서 향후 연구에 시사하는 바가 크다. 또한 불확실성에 대한 인내력이 낮거나 ERS가 높은 사람들을 대상으로 하는 예방적 개입이 이루어진다면 불안 수준을 낮출 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
- keywords
- intolerance of uncertainty, parental overprotection, excessive reassurance seeking, anxiety, depression, 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족, 부모의 과보호, 과도한 재확인 추구, 불안, 우울
Abstract
This study examined the effects of intolerance of uncertainty and perceived parental overprotection on anxiety with excessive reassurance seeking (ERS) as a potential mediator of those processes. Previous studies have suggested that ERS may be associated with depression rather than anxiety. However, many of these studies were limited in that they typically adopted a scale for measuring ERS more specific to depression. To clarify the relation between ERS and anxiety, a scale for assessing ERS in a wider range of situations was used. Participants were 290 college students who completed a set of questionnaires assessing intolerance of uncertainty, perceived parental overprotection, ERS, depression and anxiety. A mediational model was tested using hierarchical regression models with gender and depression as covariates. The findings indicate that the scale for assessing depression-specific ERS did not mediate the effects of intolerance of uncertainty and perceived parental overprotection on anxiety. However, the scale for measuring ERS in various situations did mediate the effects of intolerance of uncertainty and parental overprotection on anxiety. The results suggest that ERS may be an important mechanism by which lower levels of tolerance of uncertainty and higher levels of perceived parental overprotection lead to higher levels of anxiety. As participants of this study were college students, it is difficult to apply the same mechanism in a high-risk sample. However, based on these findings, we put great emphasis on use of various scales of ERS for future studies. In addition, we expect that early intervention aimed at people who have higher levels of intolerance of uncertainty and/or ERS could be effective.
- keywords
- intolerance of uncertainty, parental overprotection, excessive reassurance seeking, anxiety, depression, 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족, 부모의 과보호, 과도한 재확인 추구, 불안, 우울
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