소아청소년 심리학(Pediatric Psychology)에 기반한 소아와 청소년을 위한 건강심리학적 이슈
Issues in Health Psychology for Child and Adolescents: Based on Pediatric Psychology
초록
100세 시대를 맞아 건강심리학은 정신건강과 신체건강의 조화를 통해 인간의 건강한 삶을 지향하는 균형 잡힌 학문으로 새롭게 발전하고 있다. ‘건강’이 전 국민의 관심사가 된 현대사회에서 ‘건강심리학’은 더 이상 특정 대상만을 위한 학문이 아니다. 소아청소년은 지금까지 건강심리학의 학문적, 임상적 분야에서 중심대상이 되지 못했지만 전 생애의 건강에 미치는 소아청소년기 건강관리의 중요성이 입증되면서 새로운 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 이러한 시점에서 본 연구는 소아청소년에 대한 건강심리학의 학문적 관심과 임상적 필요성에 의해 탄생된 소아청소년 심리학(Pediatric Psychology)을 소개하고자 한다. ‘심리학과 소아의학(소아청소년의학)의 새로운 결혼(Kagan, 1965)’으로 시작된 학문적 태동은 임상심리학과 소아청소년임상의학 뿐 아니라 발달심리학, 임상간호학, 사회복지학, 가족치료학, 예방의학과 공중보건학 등 다학제적으로 융합되어 2001년 미국심리학회의 54번째 분과학회로 자리매김하였다. 소아청소년 심리학자들은 대학병원 및 1차 진료 장면, 학교, 연구소, 지역사회 등지에서 임상활동과 연구활동, 교육(임상수련)활동을 하고 있으며 증거기반 치료 및 개입을 통해 과학적 연구와 임상 영역을 넓혀나가고 있다. 현재까지 의료장면에서 소아청소년이 경험하는 치료 불순응과 치료적 협조, 만성 질환의 관리와 치료 과정에서 겪는 스트레스의 관리, 건강 증진과 질병 예방 등과 같이 건강에 관련된 다양한 이슈들이 연구되었다. 더불어 e-Health의 연구 및 대중적 활용, 가족과 간병 보호자의 건강관리 및 지역사회기반 서비스 등의 연구가 이어지고 있다. 앞으로 소아청소년 심리학의 발전을 위해서는 소아청소년 건강을 담당하는 타 분야 보건 전문가들과의 의사소통과 협조 및 행정적 지원이 필수적이다. 마지막으로 국내 소아청소년을 위한 건강심리학자의 역할과 학문적 기틀 마련을 위한 몇 가지 대안을 제시하였다.
- keywords
- 소아청소년의 건강심리학, 건강심리전문가, 소아청소년 심리학(Pediatric Psychology), 건강심리학의 최신 문제, Health Psychology for child and adolescent, Health Psychologist, Pediatric Psychology, Issues of Health Psychology
Abstract
'Health' has become the concern of every age and class in modern society, 'Health psychology' is no longer a discipline only for a specific group. To date, children and adolescents have not the center of attention in the clinical setting and research of health psychology. But, the stages of child and adolescents development have been an emerging subject of interest because of the importance of prevention and treatment during periods making a fundamental and long-lasting impact on the whole life. The aim of this study is to introduce the creation of Pediatric Psychology, created by the academic and clinical interest in the need for children and adolescents in health psychology. The "new marriage between Psychology and Pediatrics" (Kagan, 1965) also started the academic gestation of interdisciplinary groups such as Clinical Psychology, Child and Adolescents Clinical Developmental Psychology, Clinical Nursing, Social Work, Family Therapy, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Medicine. The Society of Pediatric Psychology, the 54th division in the American Psychological Association, was established in 2001. At last, health psychologists for children and adolescents are suggesting looking at domestic issues both now and in the future.
- keywords
- 소아청소년의 건강심리학, 건강심리전문가, 소아청소년 심리학(Pediatric Psychology), 건강심리학의 최신 문제, Health Psychology for child and adolescent, Health Psychologist, Pediatric Psychology, Issues of Health Psychology
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