The purposes of this study are to examine the adaptation and coping style of the individual according to the concept of resilience and control, and to develop a scale to measure the adjustability to military life. It was based on the data from 2,144 men in their late teens and early twenties who visited the Military Manpower Administration(MMA) for military service. The 57 items that were administered to the middle school students through the parental report in the study by Ku and Hwang (2001) were modified to reflect a self-report form. The scale consisted of a total of 60 items to the "Stress Resilience Inventory(SRI)", which was achieved by adding 3 items to assess validity. As a result of the factor analysis, 24 items of 'undercontrol/brittle' scale, 22 items of 'resilient' scale and 22 items of 'overcontrol/brittle' scale were extracted, and 2 items were not included in any subscale. Internal consistency was .89∼.91 and test-retest reliability was .86∼.94. The validity was verified through a comparison with the MMA psychological tests. Five clusters (Borderline, Undercontrolled, Overcontrolled, Ego-resilient, and Maladjusted) were identified through a K-means cluster analysis. These results suggest that the Stress Resilience Inventory is a reliable and valid test to assess adaptation and coping behavior during military life.
강성록, 고재원, 김용주 (2012). 군내 스트레스 분석을통한 스트레스 진단 척도 개발 연구. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 31(2), 345-367.
고재홍, 윤경란 (2007). 청소년의 스트레스와 자살생각:자아탄력성의 완충효과. 한국청소년연구, 18(1), 185-212.
구형모, 황순택 (2001). California Child Q-Set(CCQ)자아탄력척도와 자아통제척도의 타당도 연구. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 20(2), 345-358.
구형모, 황순택, 김지혜 (2001). 자아탄력집단의 성격특질. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 20(3), 569-581.
권승재 (2001). 병영스트레스가 군범죄행동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구. 동국대학교 행정대학원 석사학위청구논문.
김귀근 (2015, 09, 06). 군, 자살우려․복무부적응 병사늘고 있다. 연합뉴스. http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2015/09/04/0200000000AKR20150904149300043.HTML?input=1179m에서 2016. 09. 25 인출.
김나예, 이표규, 이나라, 맹정원, 유현정, 권태민, ... 임명호 (2015). 군인에서 자살사고와 주의력결핍 과잉행동, 우울, 불안, 자존감, 충동성의 연관성. 한국심리학회 학술대회 자료집, pp.268-268. 8월 22일. 서울: 그랜드힐튼 컨벤션센터.
김흥수 (1990). 군 조직에서의 병사들의 스트레스 관리에 관한 연구. 경희대학교 경영대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
류태현 (2004). 병영 스트레스가 군범죄 행동에 미치는영향에 관한 연구. 국방대학교 석사학위 청구논문.
손명자, 배정규 (2003). 정신분열병과 가족. 대구: 새미래 심리건강연구소.
신우열, 김민규, 김주한 (2009). 회복탄력성 검사지수의개발 및 타당도 검증. 한국청소년연구, 20(4), 105-131.
심윤기, 김완일, 정기수 (2014). 군 병사용 자살위험성척도 개발 및 타당화. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 26(4), 929-952.
유성경, 심해원 (2002). 적응 유연한 청소년들의 심리적보호요소 탐색. 교육심리연구, 16(4), 189-206.
윤재연 (2009). 대학 농구동아리 참가자의 운동참여동기, 자아탄력성 및 스트레스 대처와의 관계. 고려대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
이숙희, 황순택 (2007). CCQ 자아탄력성 척도와 자아통제 척도의 구인타당도. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 26(4), 1057-1071.
이해리, 조한익 (2006). 한국청소년 탄력성 척도의 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 18(2), 353-371.
진석범 (2000). 군 장병들의 스트레스 요인과 정신건강에 관한 연구. 가톨릭대학교 사회복지대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
최광현, 정선구, 최광표, 문채봉, 김정면, 박병관, ... 배정규 (2007). 신인성검사의 개발. 서울: 한국국방연구원.
최광현, 정애기, 박은경, 곽지희, 이동윤, 박미영, ... 김청 (2011). 2011 인성검사와 군생활 적응에 대한 연구. 서울: 한국국방연구원.
한경희, 김중술, 임지영, 이정흠, 민병배, 문경주 (2011). MMPI-2 다면적 인성검사 Ⅱ 매뉴얼 개정판. 서울:마음사랑.
Asendorpf, J. B., & van Aken, M. A. G. (1999). Resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled personality prototypes in childhood: replicability, predictive power, and the trait-type issue. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(4), 815-832.
Block, J. H., & Block, J. (1980a). The role of ego-control and ego-resiliency in the organization of behavior. Minnesota Symposium on Child Psychology, 13, 39-101.
Block, J., & Block, J. H. (1980b). The California Child Q-set. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Block, J., & Kremen, A. M. (1996). IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(2), 349-361.
Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 59(1), 20-28.
Campbell-Sills, L., Forde, D. R., & Stein, M. B. (2009). Demographic and childhood environmental predictors of resilience in a community sample. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43(12), 1007-1012.
Dyer, J. G., & McGuinness, T. M. (1996). Resilience:Analysis of the concept. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 10(5), 276-282.
Egeland, B., Carlson, E., & Sroufe, L. A. (1993). Resilience as process. Development and Psychopathology, 5(4), 517-528.
Emery, R., & Forehand, R. (1993). Parental divorce and children's well-being: A focus on resiliency. In R. J. Haggerty, N. Garmezy, N. Rutter, & L. R. Sherrod (Eds.), Stress, Risk, and Resilience in Children and Adolescents: Processes, Mechanisms, and Intervention(pp.64-99). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Garmezy, N. (1993). Vulnerability and resilience. In C. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keesey, &K. Widaman (Eds.), Studying Lives through time: Approaches to personality and development (pp. 377-398). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Hart, D., Hoffmann, V., Edelstein, W., & Keller, M. (1997). The relation of childhood personality types to adolescent behavior and development: A longitudinal study of Icelandic children. Developmental Psychology, 33(2), 195-205.
Kaplan, H. B. (1999). Toward an understanding of resiliency: A critical review of definitions and models. In M. D. Glantz & J. R. Johnson (Eds.), Resilience and development: Positive life adaptations (pp.17-83). New York: Plenum.
Klohnen, E. C. (1996). Conceptual analysis and measurement of the construct of ego-resiliency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(5), 1067-1079.
Liberman, R. P. (1988). Psychiatric rehabilitation of chronic mental patients. Washington, D.C.:American Psychiatric Press, Inc.
Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71(3), 543-562.
MacDonough, T. S. (1991). Noncombat stress in soldiers: How it is manifested, how to measure it, and how to copy with it. In R. Gal & A. D. Mangelsdorff (Eds.), Handbook of military psychology (pp.531-558). Oxford, England: John Wiley & Sons.
Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56(3), 227-238.
Neighbors, B., Forehand, R., & McVicar, D. (1993). Resilient adolescents and interparental conflict. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 63(3), 462-471.
Reynolds, A. (1998). Resilience among black urban youth: Prevalence, intervention effects, and mechanisms of influence. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 68(1), 84-100.
Robins, R. W., John, O. P., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1996). Resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled boys: Three replicable personality types. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(1), 157-171.
Selye, H. (1982). History and present status of the stress concept. In L. Goldberger & S. Brentz (Eds.), Handbook of stress (pp.7-20). New York:The Free Press.
Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: Assessing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(3), 194-200.
Thompson, E. A., Eggert, L. L., & Hurting, J. R. (2000). Mediating Effects of an Indicated Prevention Program for Reducing Youth Depression and Suicide Risk Behavior. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 30(3), 252-271.