본 연구는 위협 자극에 대한 주의편향의 보호요인으로 알려진 주의조절력이 외상 후 스트레스 증상(Posttraumatic stress symptoms: PTSS)과 침습적 반추의 관계에서 어떤 역할을 하는 지 알아보고자 하였다. 경남 지역 광역시 소재 대학교 재학생 276명을 대상으로 개정판 사건 충격 척도, 사건관련 반추 척도, 주의조절력 척도, 특성 불안 척도를 작성하게 하였고, 이 중 보통 이상의 충격적이고 두려움 및 무력감을 주는 사건을 경험한 189명의 자료가 분석에 포함되었다. Process macro for SPSS로 분석한 결과, 수면장애/정서적 둔마 및 해리 증상과 침습적 반추의 관계에서 주의조절력의 조절효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 주의조절력이 수면장애/정서적 둔마 및 해리 증상과 침습적 반추의 관계에 있어 보호요인으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 존슨-네이만 기법으로 주의조절력의 범위에서 다른 PTSS와 침습적 반추의 관계를 분석한 결과 유의성이 달라지는 영역을 발견하였다. 과각성 증상의 경우 주의조절력이 상위 3.70%인 지점에서부터, 회피 증상은 주의조절력이 상위 29.63%인 지점에서부터 침습적 반추와 더 이상 유의한 관련성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 주의조절력 향상이 PTSS와 침습적 반추를 완화하는 데 유용할 수 있음을 시사한다.
Attention control in known to be a protective factor against attentional bias for threat stimuli. This study examined the role it plays in the relationship between post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and intrusive rumination. To this end, a total of 276 students from a university located in Gyeongnam completed a self-report survey. The questionnaire included an Impact of Event Scale-Revised, an Event Related Rumination Inventory, an Attention Control Questionnaire, and a State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The final analysis was conducted on the data from 189 students who experienced a trauma event rated as being shocking, fearful, and helpless. The Process macro for SPSS was used to analyze the moderation effect. As a result, the moderating effect of attention control was significant in the relationship between sleep disturbance/emotional dullness and dissociation and intrusive rumination. Attention control worked as the protective factor in the relationship between these PTSS and intrusive rumination. The analysis of the relationship between other PTSS (e.g. hyperarousal, avoidance, and intrusive symptoms) and intrusive rumination in the range of attention control using the Johnson-Neyman technique revealed that there was a region in which the significance of the relationship changes. Specifically, the hyperarousal symptom in a group above 3.70% of attention control was not significantly related to intrusive rumination. Furthermore, the avoidance symptom in a group above 29.63% of attention control was not significantly related to intrusive rumination either. These results suggest that improving attention control may be useful in mitigating PTSS and intrusive rumination.
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