바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology

  • KOREAN
  • P-ISSN1229-070X
  • E-ISSN2713-9581
  • KCI

Article Contents

Prev Next
e-Submission

Vol.23 No.2

Citation Share

Disadvantageous Decision-Making of the Risky Gamblers Found Using the Iowa Gambling Task

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology / The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, (P)1229-070X; (E)2713-9581
2018, v.23 no.2, pp.365-378
https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2018.23.2.004


& (2018). Disadvantageous Decision-Making of the Risky Gamblers Found Using the Iowa Gambling Task. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 23(2), 365-378, https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2018.23.2.004

Abstract

This study compared the decision making process of risky gamblers with that of normal controls (social gamblers) using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). This task is often used to test implicit decision-making ability because participants select continuously among four different card decks, which differ in terms of the size of the reward and fine, and the probability of receiving a fine. The risky gambler group showed inferior performance to that of the control group on the IGT; they lost more money overall than the controls did. In addition, the two groups showed different preferences when choosing card decks with infrequent fines. That is, the risky gamblers preferred the card deck with big rewards and infrequent big fines, whereas the controls preferred the card deck with small rewards and infrequent small fines. When the fine was given frequently, the groups did not differ regardless of the size of the reward. It seems that risky gamblers focus on the pursuit of profit, which leads to risky decisions. In contrast, social gamblers seem to focus on risk avoidance. The results suggest that risky gamblers who have not yet fallen into compulsive gambling show impaired decision-making, as pathological gamblers do.

keywords
gambling addiction, decision-making, pursuit of profit, risk avoidance, Iowa Gambling Task, 도박 중독, 의사결정, 이익추구, 위험회피, IGT(Iowa Gambling Task)

Reference

1.

김교헌 (2003). 병적 도박 선별을 위한 K-NODS의 신뢰도와 타당도. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 8(3), 487-509.

2.

김교헌 (2004). 도박중독 척도 개발 및 발병률 조사. 서울: 한국마사회.

3.

김교헌, 권선중 (2003). 병적 도박자의 심리적 특성 및 예측요인. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 8(2), 261-277.

4.

이경희, 도승이, 김종남, 이순묵 (2011). 도박이용자의 도박중독과정에 대한 질적 연구. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 16(1), 189-213.

5.

이민규, 이영호, 박세현, 손창호, 정영조, 홍성국, . . . 윤애리 (1995). 한국판 Beck 우울척도의 표준화 연구 I : 신뢰도 및 요인분석. 정신병리학, 4(1), 77-95.

6.

이승재, 김양태 (2004). 의사결정의 신경생물학. 생물치료정신의학, 10(1), 96-103.

7.

이인혜 (2005). 카지노 유치지역 주민의 도박참여 및 도박중독 실태와 삶의 만족도: 강원도 폐광지역을 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 사회문제, 11(4), 67-82.

8.

한성열, 김교헌, 박정열, 변종석, 이영식, 이홍표, . . . 홍문기 (2009). 전국민 대상 대규모 도박이용실태조사. 서울: 한국마사회.

9.

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.

10.

Bayard, S., Jacus, J. P., Raffard, S., & Gely-Nargeot, M. C. (2015). Conscious knowledge and decision making under ambiguity in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 29(4), 357-359.

11.

Bechara, A. (2001). Neurobiology of decision-making risk and reward. Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 6(3), 205-216.

12.

Bechara, A. (2004). The role of emotion in decision-making: Evidence from neurological patients with orbitofrontal damage. Brain and Cognition, 55(1), 30-40.

13.

Bechara, A. (2007). Iowa Gambling Task Manual. Florida Avenue: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.

14.

Bechara, A., & Damasio, H. (2002). Decision-making and addiction(Part 1): Impaired activation of somatic states in substance-dependent individuals when pondering decisions with negative future consequences. Neuropsychologia, 40(10), 1675-1689.

15.

Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. R. (1997). Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy. Science, 275(5304), 1293-1295.

16.

Beck, A. T. (1978). The Beck Depression Inventory. Philadelphia: Center for cognitive therapy.

17.

Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Show, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford Press.

18.

Brand, M., Kalbe, E., Labudda, K., Fujiwara, E., Kessler, J., & Markowitsch, H. J. (2005). Decision-making impairments in patients with pathological gambling. Psychiatry Research, 133(1), 91-99.

19.

Carter, S., & Pasqualini, M. C. S. (2004). Stronger autonomic response accompanies better learning: A test of Damasio's somatic marker hypothesis. Cognition and Emotion, 18(7), 901-911.

20.

Cavedini, P., Riboldi, G., Keller, R., D'Annucci, A., & Bellodi, L. (2002). Frontal lobe dysfunction in pathological gambling patients. Biological Psychiatry, 51(4), 334-341.

21.

Dickerson, M. (1993). Internal and external determinants of persistent gambling: problems in generalizing form of gambling to another. Journal of Gambling Studies, 9(3), 225-245.

22.

Franken, I. H., van Strien, J. W., Nijs, I., & Muris, P. (2008). Impulsivity is associated with behavioral decision-making deficits. Psychiatry research, 158(2), 155-163.

23.

Glicksohn, J., Naor-Ziv, R., & Leshem, R. (2007). Impulsive decision-making: Learning to gamble wisely? Cognition, 105(1), 195-205.

24.

Goudriaan, A. E., Oosterlaan, J., de Beurs, E., & van Brink, W. (2005). Decision making in pathological gambling: A comparison between pathological gamblers, alcohol dependents, persons with Tourette syndrome, and normal controls. Cognitive Brain Research, 23(1), 137-151.

25.

Guillaume, S., Jollant, F., Jaussent, I., Lawrence, N., Malafosse, A., & Courtet, P. (2009). Somatic markers and explicit knowledge are both involved in decision-making. Neuropsychologia, 47(10), 2120-2124.

26.

Kobayakawa, M., Koyama, S., Mimura, M., & Kawamura, M. (2008). Decision making in Parkinson's disease: analysis of behavioral and physiological patterns in the Iowa gambling task. Movement Disorders, 23(4), 547-552.

27.

National Gambling Impact Study Commission. (1999). Pathological Gambling: A critical review. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

28.

Roca, M., Torralva, T., Lopez, P., Cetkovich, M., Clark, L., & Manes, F. (2008). Executive functions in pathologic gamblers selected in an ecologic setting. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 21(1), 1-4.

29.

Smoski, M. J., Lynch, T. R., Rosenthal, M. Z., Cheavens, J. S., Chapman, A. L., & Krishnan, R. R. (2008). Decision-making and risk aversion among depressive adults. Journal of Behavior Therapy, 39(4), 567-576.

30.

von Neumann, J., & Morgenstern, O. (1947). Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (2nd ed.). Princeton: Princeton University Press.

31.

Wood, R. T., & Griffiths, M. D. (2004). Adolescent lottery and scratchcard players: do their attitudes influence their gambling behaviour? Journal of Adolescence, 27(4), 467-475.

32.

Yechiam, E., Busemeyer, J. R., Stout, J. C., & Bechara, A. (2005). Using cognitive models to map relations between neuropsychological disorders and human decision-making deficits. Psychological Science, 16(12), 973-978.

33.

Yuan, L., Tian, Y., Zhang, F., Ma, H., Chen, X., Dai, F., & Wang, K. (2015). Decision-making in patients with hyperthyroidism: A neuropsychological study. PLOS ONE, 10(6), 1-11.

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology

e-Submission OA Policy