문제성 도박의 발달 및 회복과 관련된 성격요인 탐색
Exploring the Personality Factors Related to the Development and Recovery of Gambling Addiction
임숙희 (건양사이버대학교)
김교헌 (충남대학교)
신현지 (충남대학교)
초록
본 연구에서는 성격 및 기질 요인을 중심으로 비문제성 도박에서 문제성 도박으로의 변화 가능성을 높이는 예측변수인 위험요인(Risk factor)과 문제성 도박에서 회복으로의 변화 가능성을 높이는 예측변수인 회복요인(Recovery factor)을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 성인 인터넷 패널을 대상으로 1년 간격으로 두 시점에 걸쳐 종단연구를 수행하였으며 참여자들의 문제성 도박 수준의 변화 양상을 고려하여 집단을 분류하였다. 문제 발달에 대한 위험요인을 탐색하기 위해 1시점에 비해 2시점에 문제성 도박 수준이 증가한 ‘문제성 도박 집단’과 비문제 수준으로 도박 수준이 유지되는 ‘오락/사교성 도박 집단’을 비교하였으며, 회복요인을 탐색하기 위해 시점이 지남에 따라 문제성 도박 수준이 감소한 ‘회복 집단’과 문제 수준으로 도박 문제가 유지되는 ‘문제 집단’을 비교하였다. 두 시점에 걸쳐 반복 측정된 성실성, 우호성, 신경증, 충동성의 평균값을 예측변인으로, 집단을 준거변인으로 투입하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 시점과 집단 간의 변화양상을 구체적으로 살펴보기 위해 혼합변량분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 문제성 도박의 발달 가능성을 높이는 위험요인은 낮은 성실성과 우호성 및 높은 신경증과 충동성으로 확인되었으며 문제성 도박의 회복 가능성을 높이는 회복요인은 높은 성실성과 우호성 및 낮은 신경증과 충동성으로 나타났다. 끝으로 논의에서는 임상 및 상담 장면에서 개인의 성격을 고려한 개입의 중요성에 대해 제시하였다.
- keywords
- problem gambling, risk factor, recovery factor, personality, 문제성 도박, 위험요인, 회복요인, 성격
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore risk factors which increase the likelihood of change from non-addiction gambling to gambling addiction and recovery factors which increase the likelihood of change from gambling addiction to recovery. To this end, longitudinal studies were conducted at two time points with a 12-month interval on an Internet panel consisting of adults. Groups were assigned according to the changes to the level of gambling addiction. To explore risk factors, we compared the ‘gambling addiction group’ which showed increased gambling addiction levels at time point 2 compared to time point 1, and the ‘entertainment/social gambling group’ that showed gambling levels maintained at non-addiction levels. To explore recovery factors, we compared the ‘recovery group’ which showed decreased gambling levels at time point 2 compared to time point 1, and the ‘gambling addiction group’ which showed gambling levels maintained at addiction levels. Logistic regression analysis was performed using the mean values of conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, impulsivity measured over two time points as predictors and the group as reference variables. Additionally, mixed variance analysis was performed to examine the changes in time and group. The results indicate that the risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing a gambling addiction are low conscientiousness, low agreeableness, high neuroticism, and high impulsivity. While the recovery factors that increased the probability of recovery of gambling addiction were high conscientiousness, high agreeableness, low neuroticism, and low impulsivity. Finally, we discuss the importance of considering individual personality differences during interventions in clinical and counseling settings.
- keywords
- problem gambling, risk factor, recovery factor, personality, 문제성 도박, 위험요인, 회복요인, 성격
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