노인의 사회연결망 크기와 고독감 간의 사회적 상호작용의 매개효과
The Mediating Effect of Social Interaction on the Relationship Between Social Network Size and Loneliness Among the Elderly
강은지 (덕성여자대학교)
김보은 (덕성여자대학교)
이성은 (덕성여자대학교)
최승원 (덕성여자대학교)
초록
본 연구는 고독감에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 연구의 저자들이 포함되어 있는 “한국인의 사회적 삶, 건강한 노화(Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project: KSHAP)” 연구팀에서 60세 이상의 노인들을 대상으로 시행한 연구의 데이터를 이용하였다. 분석 결과, 외향성은 고독감에 직접적인 효과를 미쳤으며 사회연결망 크기의 경우 고독감과 직접적인 관련을 보이지 않았으나 사회적 상호작용을 매개로 하여 고독감에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 외향성이 사회적 상호작용과 관련성을 보이지 않은 결과는 참가자들이 거주하고 있는 농촌지역의 특성상 접촉빈도나 의사소통의 횟수가 많을 수 밖에 없다는 점에 의한 것 때문이라 생각되어진다. 외향성이 통제된 상태에서 사회적 관계 크기가 사회적 상호작용을 통해 고독감을 예측한다는 점은 노인에게 있어 친한 사람의 수가 중요한 것이 아닌 얼마나 자주 그 사람들과 상호작용 하느냐가 고독감과 더 관련있음을 시사한다. 따라서 성공적인 노화를 위하여 노인들의 고독감을 감소시키기 위해서는 사람들과의 상호작용이 강조되어지는 심리사회학적인 프로그램이 모색되어야 할 것이다.
- keywords
- 성공적 노화, 고독감, 사회적 상호작용, 사회연결망 크기, 외향성, successful aging, loneliness, social Interaction, social network size, extraversion
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of extraversion, social network size, and social interaction on loneliness among the elderly. To examine our hypothesis, we used data from the “Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project; KSHAP”study, which included authors of this study. A total of 122 older adults completed the Big Five Inventory, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the General Social Survey. These data were analyzed through structural equation modeling. The results were as follow. First, loneliness was negatively correlated with social interaction, and extraversion, while the social network size was not significant. Second, the relationship between loneliness and the social network size was significantly mediated by social interaction after adjusting for extraversion. The results of this study indicate that social interaction which reflects frequent meetings and communication is crucial in predicting loneliness among the elderly. It is also meaningful in understanding the path of loneliness.
- keywords
- 성공적 노화, 고독감, 사회적 상호작용, 사회연결망 크기, 외향성, successful aging, loneliness, social Interaction, social network size, extraversion
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