바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology

ISSN : 1229-0653

Article Contents

Prev Next
e-Submission

Vol.21 No.2

Citation Share

Development of a Cultural Self-construal Scale : Subjective, Objective, and Autonomous Selves

Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2007, v.21 no.2, pp.17-34
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2007.21.2.002





& (2007). Development of a Cultural Self-construal Scale : Subjective, Objective, and Autonomous Selves. Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 21(2), 17-34, https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2007.21.2.002

Abstract

Following concepts introduced by Inumiya and Kim(2006), this study describes the theoretical and empirical development of a scale to measure the strength of an individual's subjective, objective and autonomous self-construals. These three representations of self are conceptualized as reflecting the emphasis on the relational position that displays social influence often found in Korean culture - subjective, the emphasis on the relational position that accommodates social influence often found in Japanese culture - objective, and the separateness and uniqueness of the individual - autonomous - stressed in the West. An 18-item Subjective/Objective/Autonomous Self-construal(SOAS) scale measuring three dimensions of self-image is presented. The SOAS scale was found to have satisfactory internal reliability. And it showed convergent and discriminant validity with measures of independent and interdependent self-construal(Takata independent/interdependent self-construal scale; Takata, Ohmoto, & Seike, 1996) and interpersonal circumplex (Korean version of the Interpersonal Adjective Scale; Chung, 2004). Its implications for self-related processes and potential applications are discussed.

keywords
문화적 자기관, 주체성 자기, 대상성 자기, 자율성 자기, 문화, Self-construal, Subjective self, Objective self, Autonomous self, Cculture, Self-construal, Subjective self, Objective self, Autonomous self, Cculture

Reference

1.

김혜숙 (1995). 귀인상황의 공개성과 (집단)자아존중이 자기고양 귀인과 집단고양 귀인에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지：사회, 9(1), 45-63.

2.

박영숙 (1990). 자아방어 진단검사 표준화 예비연구. 이화의대지, 13(3), 233-242.

3.

윤운성 (2001). 에니어그램 성격유형검사의 개발과 타당화. 교육심리연구, 15(3), 131-161.

4.

이규태 (1977). 한국인의 의식구조. 서울：문리사.

5.

이누미야 요시유키 (2004). 한일 비교 성격론. 인본연구, 11, 101-124.

6.

이누미야 요시유키, 김윤주 (2006). 긍정적 환상의 한일비교：주체성 자기와 대상성 자기에 의한 설명. 한국심리학회지：사회 및 성격, 20(4), 19-34.

7.

이누미야 요시유키, 최일호, 윤덕환, 서동효, 한성열 (1999). 비현실적 낙관성(unrealistic optimism) 경향에 있어서의 비교 문화 연구：상호독립적-상호협조적 자기관과의 관계를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지：사회 및 성격, 13(1), 183-201.

8.

이훈구 (1980). 내외통제성：한국 초, 중, 고등학생의 내외통제 경향성, 학생생활연구, 제5집(충북대학), 41- 51.

9.

정욱, 한규석 (2005). 자기고양 현상에 대한 조절변인으로서 자존감. 한국심리학회지：사회 및 성격, 19(1), 199-216.

10.

조긍호 (2002). 문화성향과 허구적 독특성 지각 경향. 한국심리학회지：사회 및 성격, 16(1), 91-111.

11.

조긍호, 명정완 (2001). 문화성향과 자의식의 유형. 한국심리학회지：사회 및 성격, 15(2), 111-139.

12.

조선영, 이누미야 요시유키, 김재신, 최일호 (2005). 한국과 일본에서 상호독립적-상호협조적 자기관이 대인불안에 미치는 영향：자아존중감과 공적자기의식의 매개효과를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지：사회 및 성격, 19(4), 49-60.

13.

천수성 (1992). 일본어뱅크 日本語 중급. 서울：일본어뱅크.

14.

최상진 (2000). 한국인심리학. 서울：중앙대학교출판부.

15.

한규석 (2002). 사회심리학의 이해. 서울：학지사.

16.

靑木保(아오키 다모츠) (1990). 日本文化論의 變容：戰後日本の文化とアイデンティティー. 東京：中央公論社.

17.

李御寧 (1982). ｢縮み｣ 志向の日本人. 東京：學生社.

18.

伊藤忠弘(이토 타다히로) (1999). 社會的比較における自己高揚傾向：平均以上効果の檢討. 心理學硏究, 70(5), 367-374.

19.

遠藤由美(엔도 유미) (1995). 精神的健康の指標としての自己をめぐる議論. 社會心理學硏究, 11(2), 134-144.

20.

吳善花 (1992). 新スカートの風：日韓あわせ鏡の世界. 東京：三交社

21.

鎌原雅彦(감바라 마사히코), 樋口一辰(히구치 가즈토키) (1987). Locus of Controlの年齡的變化に關する硏究. 敎育心理學硏究, 35(2), 177-183.

22.

北山 忍(기타야마 시노부) (1998). 自己と感情：文化心理學による問いかけ. 共立出版株式會社.

23.

北山 忍․唐澤眞弓(가라사와 마유미) (1995). 自己：文化心理學的視座. 實驗社會心理學硏究, 35, 133-163.

24.

芝垣哲夫(시바가키 테츠오) (2000). 日本人の深層文化：相對的比較論. 東京：旺史社.

25.

高田利武(다카타 토시타케)․大本美千惠(오오모토 미치에)․淸家美紀(세이케 미키) (1996). 相互獨立的-相互協調的自己觀尺度 (改訂版) の作成. 奈良大學紀要, 24, 157-173.

26.

土居健郞(도이 타케오) (1971). 甘えの構造. 東京：弘文堂.

27.

外山美樹(토야마 미키), 櫻井茂男(사쿠라이 시게오) (2001). 日本人のポジティブ․イリュージョン現象. 心理學硏究, 72(4), 329-335.

28.

Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The Need to belong: Design for Interpersonal Attachments as a fundamental motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.

29.

Coopersmith, S. (1967). The Antecedents of self-esteem. San Francisco: Freeman.

30.

Cross, S. E., Bacon, P. L., & Morris, M. L. (2000). The relational-interdependent self-construal and relation- ships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(4), 791-808.

31.

Fromm, E. (1947). Man for himself: An inquiry into the psychology of ethics. N. Y.: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

32.

Greenwald, A. G., & Pratkanis, A. R. (1984). The Self. In R. S. Wayer & T. K. Srull(Eds.), Handbook of Social Cognition(Vol3, pp.129-178), Hillsdale, NJ: arlbaum.

33.

Guisinger, S., & Blatt. S. J. (1994). Individuality and realtions: Evolution of a fundamental dialectic. American Psychologist, 49, 104-111.

34.

Heine, S. J., Kitayama, S., Lehman, D. R., Takata, T., Ide, E., Leung, C., & Matsumoto, H. (2001). Divergent consesequences of success and failure in Japan and North America. An investigation of self-improving motivations and malleable selves. Journal of Per- sonality and Social Psychology, 81, 599-615.

35.

Heine, S. J., & Lehman, D. R. (1995). Cultural variation in unrealistic optimism: Does the west feel more invulnerable than the east? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 595-607.

36.

Heine, S. J., & Lehman, D. R. (1997). The cultural construction of self-enhancement: An examination of group-serving biases. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 72(6), 1268-1283.

37.

Horney, K. (1945). Our inner conflicts: A constructive theory of neurosis. New York: Norton.

38.

Kiesler, D. J. (1996). Contemporary interpersonal theory and research: Personality, psychology, and psycho- therapy. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

39.

Lackman, M. E. (1986). Locus of control in aging research: a case for multidimensional and domain-specific assessment. Journal of Psychology and Aging, 1, 34-40.

40.

Lao, R. C. (1976). Is internal-external control an agerelated variable? Journal of Psychology, 92, 3-7.

41.

Levine, T. R., Bresnahan, M. J., Park, H. S., Lapinski, M. K., Wittenbaum, G. M., Shearman, S. M., Lee, S. Y., Chung, & D., Ohashi, R. (2003). Self- Construal Scales Lack Validity. Human Communi- cation Research, 29(2), 210-252.

42.

Markus, H., & Kitayama, S. (1991a). Culture and self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253.

43.

Markus, H., & Kitayama, S. (1991b). Cultural variation in the self-concept. In J. Strauss & G. R. Goethals (Eds.), The self: Interdisciplinary approaches. New York: Springer-Verlag.

44.

Milgram, N. A. (1971). Locus of control in negro and white children at four age level. Psychological Reports, 29, 459-465.

45.

Penk, W. (1969). Age changes and correlates of internal- external control scale. Psychological Reports, 25, 856.

46.

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self- image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

47.

Shin, K. R. (1992). Correlates of Depressive Sympton Atology in Korean America Women in New York City. Columbia University.

48.

Singelis, T. M., Triandis, H. C., Bhawuk, D. P. S., & Gelfand, M. J. (1995). Horizontal and Vertical Dimensions of Individualism and Collectivism: A theoretical and measurement refinement. Cross- cultural research. 29, 240-275.

49.

Taylor, S, E., & Brown, J. D.(1988). Illusion and well-being: A social Psychological perspective on mental health. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 193-210.

50.

Triandis, H. C., (1988), Collectivism vs. individualism: A reconceptualization of a basic concept in cross- cultural social psychology, in G. K. Verma and C. Bagley(Eds.), Cross-cultural Studies of Personality, Attitudes and Cognition(pp.60-95). London: Mac- millan.

Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology

e-Submission OA Policy